Bah Collin Wanniang
Ka Buit Pyntlot Jaitbynriew
Ki ong “Ngi la poi ha ka Juk thymmai”. Lah ban ong ba kane ka lambyrdei shikhet shiliang namar “thymmai” kam thew ïa Jingkylla khuk-khak nadong shadong. Ka Jinglong-briew bashynna bha ka ïai neh hi watla ngi la pyndonkam ïa ki Buit ki Bor thymmai. Naduh Hyndai Hynthai u Briew u la tip ba “Ka Buit ka long ka Bor”. Kumne, lada uno uno u kwah ban pynliem pyrshah ïa u Nongshun, u dei ban tip ïa ka Bor khlaiñ baharieh jong uta u Nongshun. Ka ikumba ba ki Phareng ki la stad Buit bha ha kane ka Rukom kaba la pynlong ïa ki na ka Jinglong tang ki Nongkhaïi sha ka Jinglong ki Nongsynshar jong ka Ri India baroh kawei.
Ha ka Kot “Meghalaya: Past and Present” jong u H.Joshi, u la kynthoh jur shaphang kumno ki Phareng lyngba ka “Policy of Alienation” ka jongki, ki la nang kham pynsngew jngai ïa ka “Hima Sutnga” kaba la pynkylla sha ka “Hima Jaintia” na kiwei pat ki Hima Khasi. Kumne ha ka Sla 91 jong kajuh ka Kot, bad ha ka Sla 29 jong ka Kot “Government and Politics in Meghalaya” jong u R.S.Lyngdoh, la thoh kumne: “In the true spirit of their policy of ‘divide and rule’, the British succeeded in dividing the ancient sacred land of the Khasis by giving a new name to the area, which in course of time, came to be accepted as a matter of history”. (Da ka mynsiem synshar khadar ‘phiah bad synshar’, ki Phareng ki la jop ban phiah arliang ïa ka Ri kulong kumah bakyntang jong ki Khasi da kaba jerkyrteng thymmai ïa ka Thaiñ, kaba la pynlong katba nang ïaid ki por ki samoi, ban shu pdiang noh ïa kata kum kaba la mang ha ka Khanapateng”. U Joshi u da ong ruh ba na ka kyntien “Hima” ne “Kingdom” (Hima Jaintia/ Jaintia Kingdom) ki phareng ki la lah ban pynkylla sha ka “Hills” (Jaintia Hills) – Kumne, ha ka por phiah, u la ong ba ka Jowai (Hima Jaintia) ka la dei ban ïoh da ka Kyrteng “East Khasi Hills” bad ka Shillong pat da ka “West Khasi Hills”. Phewse, kata ka Jingpynpher tiak ka pynlong dak Sohkhliang ïa ki Longdien.
Hima Sutnga kaba rim tam na ki Hima Khasi
Ka Khanapateng puriskam ka da kubur ruh ba ki Syiem long-syiem jong ka Hima Sutnga ki dei Shipara bad ki Syiem ka Hima Nongkhlaw kiba mih na u Woh Ryndi bad ka Lidohkha. Ha ka Jingthoh jong u S.S. Laloo kaba la ai kyrteng “Jaintia Hills: A Peep into the Past” u da ïathuh shaphang kumno ka Ri Khadar Dolloi ka kylla sha ka Hima Jaintia. U da ong ba ki Dolloi baroh hapoh ka Jingïalam jong u Dolloi ka Nartiang uba long u Kongsan ki shait ïatylli lang ban ïaleh pyrshah ïa u Nongshun. Ha ka banyngkong baroh ki Dolloi ki la ïa-im kum shipara hynrei ynda ki Elaka jongki ki la sdang bun Briew, ka Jingdonkam kham bun Jaka ban rep ka la pynlong ïa ki ban pynïar ïa ki Pud ki Sam jong ki Elaka. Kumta ki la shait jia ki Thma pohïing bad ki Jingïashrut ïashrai para maki. Kumne, u Dolloi Kongsan ka Nartiang u la lum lang ïa baroh ki Dolloi bad ha kata ka Jingïamir Jingmut ki la ïamynjur lang ban thung noh da u Syiem halor jong ki u ban pynïatylli ïa ka Ri khadar Dolloi. Ban ïoh ïa kum uta u Syiem ki la ïawad kylleng ka Ri, khatduh ki la ïohsngew ba don uwei u Briew uba kyrteng u Woh Ryndi na ka Shnong Sutnga uba la ïapoikha bad ka Lidohkha, ka kynja Puri kaba la kylla longbriew na ka Dohkha.
Kine ki la don arngut ki Khun Kynthei bad laingut ki Khun Shynrang. Ïa ka Khun Kynthei ka banyngkong la jerkyrteng “Ka Rupatong”, ïa kaba ar “Ka Rupanga”. Ïa u Khun Shynrang uba lai la jerkyrteng “U Siang-Am”, ïa uba saw “U Syngkhlien-Am” bad ïa uba san “U Tetia”. Na Khun Kynthei banyngkong “Ka Rupatong” la mih ki Syiem ka Hima Khadsawphra; katba na ka Khun Kynthei ba-ar “Ka Rupanga” pat la mih ki Syiem Sutnga (Jaintia) ha kaba u Syiem banyngkong eh jong ka Hima Sutnga, u dei “U Ïakor Sing”.
Ki Ar Hima
Ïa kine ki artylli ki Hima Khasi kiba la mih na u Woh Ryndi bad ka Lidohkha, ki Phareng ki la sdang da ka Jingïatehlok. Ka Jingtieng ïa ka Jingwanhiarthma jong ka Burma ka la pynlong ïa u Syiem Ram Sing jong ka Hima Sutnga ban ïasoi ïa ka Soskular Jingïatehlok bad ki Phareng ha ka 10tarik u Lber,1824. Hadien ka Jingkut noh jong ka Thma Burma, ki Phareng ki la sdang thaw thlia thaw kynroi ïa ka Hima Sutnga ha kaba ki la kurup syndon ïa ka ha u snem 1834. Ka Jingïatehlok ka ba-ar pat ka la long bad u Syiem Tirot Sing jong ka Hima Nongkhlaw ba la ïasoi ha ka 30tarik u Naiwieng,1826 na ka bynta ban shna ïa ka Surok na Assam sha Sylhet lyngba ka Hima Nongkhlaw. Phewse ki Phareng kim shym la ksoh ha la ka Jutang, ki la sdang pynban ban leh ïa ki Khasi kum ïa la ki Mraw jong ki. Kumne ka thma pyrshah Phareng ka la jia ha ka 4tarik u Ïaïong, 1829. Nangta kiwei ruh ki Hima Khasi ki la ïaleh katlah katïai pyrshah ïa ki Phareng haduh ki Sngi jong ka Jingïap donburom u Tirot Sing ha ka 17 tarik u Naitung, 1835. La ong ba wat hadien ka Jingïap noh jong u Tirot Sing ruh, dang bun ki Hima Khasi kiba la ïaleh dohim dohïap pyrshah ïa ki Phareng. Kawei na kita ka dei ka Hima Maharam kaba hapoh ka Jinglongsyiem jong u Sngap Sing Syiem ka la ïeng pyrshah ïa ki Phareng haduh u snem 1839. Nangta lah ban ong ba ka Hima Nongstoiñ ruh; kumba ka paw ba hapoh ka Jinglongsyiem jong u Syiem Sibsing ka Hima Nongstoiñ kam shym la mynjur bad ka la dei ka bakhatduh eh ban soi ïa ka “Instrument of Accession”, kata ruh da kaba shu shah pynbor – Kumne, watla katta ruh, u Syiem Khynnah jong ka Hima Nongstoiñ, u Wickliffe Syiem u la ïeng pyrshah ïa ka haduh ka bakut.
Khlem ka Hima Sutnga (Jaintia) ym dei ka Ri 30 Syiem !!!
Ynda ki Phareng ki la shimti ïa ka Hima Sutnga (Jaintia), ki la pynduh noh ïa ka Jinglong Syiem (Syiemship) bad ki la pynneh noh tang ïa ka Jinglong Dolloi bad Rangbah Shnong. Kumne haduh mynta mynne la shu leh klet noh ba ka Hima Sutnga (Jaintia) ruh ka dei hapoh ka Lama jong “Ka Ri ki Laiphew Syiem” – khlem ka Hima Sutnga, ki Longdien mynta ki hap ong noh ïa ka Ri-Khasi da “Ka Ri ki Arphewkhyndai Syiem”!! Kumne ha ka por jong ki Phareng, ïa ka Hima Sutnga (Jaintia) bad ïa ki katto katne ki Shnong Khasi la pynhap lang noh ha ka Jingsynshar ki Phareng ïa kiba la khot ki “British Areas”.
Federation of Khasi States
Ka Jingthoh jong u L.G. Shullai ka kdew ba hamar shwa ba yn sa wan artad ka 15 tarik Nailar 1947, ka “Bri jong ka Jaitbynriew Khasi” ka long ar Bynta; ha kawei ka Liang ka kynthup ïa ki 25 tylli ki “Khasi States” bad ha kawei pat ka kynthup ïa ki 33 tylli ki “British Areas”. Ar tylli napdeng kine ki “British Areas” ki dei (i) ka “Shillong British Portion” bad (ii) ka “Jowai Sub-division”.
Ka “Shillong British Portion” (Shillong Cantonment bad Shillong Municipality British Portion) ka kynthup ïa ka Jaka ba la shim lyngba ka “Agreement” jong u snem 1863 hapdeng ka Sorkar Phareng bad u Mile Sing, u Syiem ka Hima Mylliem. Ka Jowai Sub-division pat ka dei ka Ri-Lum (Hill Portion) jong ka Hima Jaintia (Sutnga) ba la pynlong ‘British Areas’ ha u snem 1835 hadien ba u Rajendra Sing um treh shuh ban long Syiem tang ïa ka Jaka Ri-Lum jong ka Hima Jaintia (Sutnga).
Ka Synjuk Lang ki Hima Khasi
Kumno la leh ïa kine ki “British Areas”? Ha ka Sla 218 jong ka “White Paper on Indian States” (1950) ka don ka Jingthoh kaba ong: “All Khasi villages which desired to rejoin States of which they formerly formed a part should be allowed to do so.” (Baroh ki Shnong Khasi kiba thrang ban ïasnoh biang bad la ki Hima ha kiba ki la dei Bynta mynshwa, dei ban shah ïa ki ban leh kumta). Bad la thoh ruh “Other Khasi territory in the Province should, if they desired, be allowed to join the Federation as units.” (Ïa kiwei pat ki Jaka Khasi ha ka Thaiñ dei ban shah, lada ki kwah ban ïasnoh bad ka Federation kum ki Unit). Kumne, la sngewthuh ba ka la don ka Jingpyrshang ban wanlam biang ïa ki Hima bad Jaka Khasi ba la kylla long “British Areas” ban long ki “Unit” hapoh ka “Federation of Khasi States” nalor kita ki 25 tylli ki “Units” kiba la don lypa.
Kumba ka paw na ka Shithi No. 2503 P, dated Simla, the 2nd November 1877 from Under Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department to the Chief Commissioner of Assam, ba ka Marbisu ka lah ban wan long biang ka Bynta jong ka “Mylliem State” namar shisien mynshwa ka Marbisu ka la long ka Bynta jong ka “Mylliem State”. Nangta ka Jowai Sub-division (Jaintia) ka lah ban wan rung kum ka ‘Unit’ hapoh ka “Federation of Khasi States”. Ha ka Jingïalang paidbah ka bakhraw ha Jowai ha 1 tarik u Nailur 1947, la pass ïa ka Resolution kaba dei shaphang ka Jingïasnoh jong ka Jaintia Hills kum ka “Unit” hapoh ka “Federation of Khasi States” bad ïa kane la ïathuh ruh da u Mr. S. Bareh ha ka Jingïalang jong ka Standing Committee “Federation of Khasi States” 18 tarik u Nailur 1947 kat kumba ka paw na ka Kot lyngkdop “Ka Synjuk Lang Ki Hima Khasi” (Bynta VII, October 12, 1947).
Ka Snam ne ka Ksuit?
Ym lah ban len ba ki Sengbhalang ki lah ban long kita ki Atiar baradbah ban wanrah ïa kane ka Jingsngewjan bad Jingsngewlongkawei jong ka Jaitbynriew. Ka Kyrteng “Sengbhalang” hi ka kubur ïa kata. Phewse, lada ki kam jong ki, ki kren markhongpong ïa kane, kum kita ki la dei ban shim noh hi da ka Kyrteng “Sengsniewlang” ne “Sengbhahlang” !! Ki Seng ne ki Riewshimet kiba shim Kabu ha ka Kyrteng jong ka Politik ban wanrah ïa ka Jingsngewpher hapdeng u Khynriam, u Pnar, u Bhoi, u War, u Maram, u Lyngam, u Muliang, u Rimen, tt. lah ban ong ba lehse ki dei kita ki bym don ïa ka Snam jong ka Jaitbynriew lane ka Snam jongki ka la kylla Ksuit noh – kaba mut ba ka la pyut bad ki kwah ruh ban pynpyut lang ïa kiwei. Lada ka Mynnor ka pyni ba ka Jingsngewlong kawei Jaitbynriew ka la don wat hapdeng ka Jingbun ki Hima Khasi, ban sloit noh ïa kata ha kane ka Juk kan ïaryngkat bad ka Jinglong ingkhong-shyllangmat.
Shaphrang shaphrang ngin tur Samla,
Ban jop la im la ïap;
La ha Pyrthei ka don ka Thma,
Bad bun Jingeh kin lap.
Shaphrang shaphrang ngin tur Samla,
Da nuksa bajanai;
Jaitbynriew wat pynpait pynpra,
Ka Lawei ban phyrnai.
Phi don ban ong eiei?