U Spiton Kharakor
Ka thma Nongkhlaw ka la khie ha ka 4 tarik (Saturday) u ïaïong (April) ha ka snem 1829. Ka long kawei na ki sngi sah kynmaw ba ka Hima Nongkhlaw ka la ïaleh thma pyrshah ïa ki Phareng. Mynta ka la dap 190 snem pura. Shuwa ïa katei, ki Phareng ki la wan pan ban shah ban thaw surok lyngba ka Hima Nongkhlaw. Ki thmu ban pynïasoh surok na Assam sha Sylhet. Haba la ïoh jingbit, u David Scott u Agent ka sorkar jong ka East India Company u la sdang ban tih ïa ka surok.
Hynrei haba ka jingtih surok ka la poi sha shnong Nongkhlaw, ka mih pynban ka huri hura. Ki nongtrei u David Scott ki la thaw jingkulmar pynban. Ki kynthei ki khynnah ki la syier ha ka ïaid ka ïeng. Te, ka Dorbar hima ka la rai ban pynsangeh bad ban beh noh ïa baroh ki nongtrei, bad ki shipai ki swar. Hynrei shuwa ban khie ka thma u David Scott ula phet hi marwei da u kulai. U la leit phet sha Mawphlang bad sha Sohra.
Haba ym shym la ïoh ban ïa kren khatduh ïa u David Scott, te la sdang ka thma Nongkhlaw ha katei ka sngi ba la ong haneng. Kiba duh ïa ka jingim na ka liang ka sorkar Phareng ki long u Lieutenant Beding Field bad u Lieutenant Burlton lem bad 60 ngut ki shipai langrut. Hadien kane ki shipai sorkar kila wan tur sha Nongkhlaw ban pynhiar kput. Ki la leit thwet bad tur sha ki shnong ïew Maroit, Mawblei, Nongrmai bad shawei shawei de. Ka thma ka la neh haduh 3 snem 7 bnai bad 2 sngi haduh ynda ïoh kem ïa u Tirot Sing.
Kiwei ki hima kiba leit ïarap ïa u Tirot Sing ki long ka Hima Shyllong (Khyrim-Mylliem) hapoh u Syiem Bormanik II, Hima Maharam hapoh u Syiem Sngap Sing. Ynda ki Maram ki la poi ha ka Hima Sohïong ki la sah shipor ha Mawmaram. Kane ka shnong ka sah kyrteng sah haduh mynta. Ki Rambrai bad Myriaw ruh ki la wan ïarap ha ka thma Nongkhlaw.
Ki shipai kila wad tyngeh ban kem ïa u Tirot Sing. Kumta la hap leit pynrieh ïa u ha ki krem Tirot Sing kylleng kylleng. Nyngkong eh la pynrieh shipor hi ha Nongkhlaw. Mynta la tei kynroh bad mawkyndon sha katei ka krem Tirot ba nyngkong. Hadien pat la leit pynrieh kham jngai ïa u haneng ka Umthlu ne Nongkhla ba don shaphang sepngi na “0-point” Kyrdem kulai. Kane ka krem Tirot ba-ar ka don hajan Ram Nongsiej ba la rieh shipor da ka syiem Jatkiri jait syiem Shyllong ba shah beh na Nongkseh. Nangta de la leit pynrieh shipor ïa u sha ki thaiñ Lum Diengiei bad khatduh la leit pynrieh ïa u ha Sangmein ha kjat u Lum Shyllong.
Ki riewshlur ka Hima Nongkhlaw ba la ïalam thma ki long u Mon Sing Wahlang (Monbhut) ba ju leit thied kulai hyndai na Bhutan ban die sha Nongkhlaw. Kiwei pat ki long u Lorshon Jarain, u Khein Kongor jait Nongkynrih na Nongkynrih (Kpa u Tirot Sing). Ka Phan Nonglait ruh lem bad ki para kynthei kila leit bret ïa ki suloi dkhar sha ka kshaid Kyrshoh Nianglong ha Nongrmai. Katba ka thma ka dang jur bha, u David Scott ula ïap kyndit noh ha ka snem 1831.
Hynrei na ka daw ba ki Phareng ki la khang bad set lut ïa ki ïew ki hat ha Kamrup, Assam. Te ki briew jong ngi ha kito ki por kila kyrduh bam. Wat tang ïa ka mluh ruh ym ïoh ban ber jyngtah shuh. Ki briew kila phet rieh sha ki khlaw ki btap. Don kiba leit sah miet sah rieh sha kjat u Lum Kyllang ha pyrshah Riangmang. Kumta la pynbeit ban pynïasuk noh, tangba ym dei ban kem ïa u Tirot Sing. Ki Phareng ki la kular bad jliah ïa ka mluh na khmut ka waitlam, kum ka dak ka jingsmai Khasi ban ym pynkheiñ kular.
Te haba u Tirot Sing ula leit ha ka jaka kaba la ïakut ha Umshyllong kaba long kawei na ki 9-umdih 9-umtong ki wahduid jong u Lum Shyllong. U Colonel Lister ryngkat bad ki shipai kila pynrieh ha lawbniap, ki la kem trait ïa u. Ki kynnoh ba u la wan pyndem thma u Tirot Sing. Kane ka la jia ha ka 13 tarik u January (Sunday) 1833. Kane ka dei ka sngi Black Sunday ba la kem ïa u Tirot Sing ha katei ka sngi.
Ki la ring ïa u ban rah da ki shipai ïa u Tirot Sing sha Sohra. Nangta ynda la poi ha ki thaiñ Tharia, Chatak ki pynkit beit ïa u da ka lieng sha Sylhet. Nangta pat ki rah ïa u tang marwei hi shaduh Dhaka. Ka jingshah kem u Tirot Sing ka mut ba ka Hima Nongkhlaw ka la shah teh mraw. Kumjuh ruh ka Bri u Hynñiewtrep ka la shah teh mraw. Hynrei ki Phareng ki hap mih noh na ka ri Khasi bad ri India ha ka 15 tarik u August 1947. Te ka mut ka jingshah teh mraw ka hima Nongkhlaw bad ka ri ha ki Phareng ka la neh haduh 114 snem 7 bnai bad 2 sngi kila wai.
U Syiem Tirot Sing u dei u syiem ba la nang la stad. U la ïoh jinghikai pule kot bad thoh naduh dangrit. Uwei u Saikia Babu, na ka thaiñ Bordwar, u la wan sah sha Nongkhlaw ban hikai pule kot ïa u Tirot Sing. U la hikai ïa u ïa ki dak Assamese ban thoh, pule bad kren Assamese. Nalor kata u la hikai de ban kheiñ jingkheiñ Arithmetic. Kumta ynda ula long syiem ba pura ka Hima Nongkhlaw hadien. U ju leit jngoh bad leit khmih ïa ki thaiñ rithor ka Hima Nongkhlaw, u ju kren ïa la ki raiot da ka Assamese. Kumta haba u la shah set ha Dhaka, u sngewthuh ïa ka ktien dkhar, namar ba ka Assamese bad Bengali ki ïasyriem ktien bad ki don kajuh ka dak thoh (script).
Da kaba jia ryngkhat, une u nongthoh ula leit poi nyngkong sha ka shnong ïew Maroit bad shnong Nongkhlaw jong ka Hima Nongkhlaw ne Khatsawphra ha ka snem 1978. La phah ïa u ban leit pynlong election thep vote ha ka MLA election 1978 na ka ïew Maroit Polling station jong ka Mairang Constituency. Ha kata ka por kila ïaleh election na Mairang Constituency ki long u Rangbah Lembert Syiem, Irat Manik Syiem bad Y. Fuller Lyngdoh Mawnai.
Ngi la ïapoi ar sngi shuwa ka sngi thep vote. Te baroh ar miet, ngi la ïasah bad ïasyllok khana shongkai miet bad ki tymmen ïew Maroit. Nga la ïoh ki jingtip bym ju tip shaphang ka thma Nongkhlaw. Ki la ïathuh ba ka thma Nongkhlaw ka la poi shaduh ïew Maroit, Mawkohmit, Mawblei bad shawei shawei de. Ki ïathuh ba ki tymmen ba im ha kito ki juk, ka dei ka thma ïaleh markti bad bor met. Tang da u khnam ka ryntieh bad ka wait, kim ju pyndem. Ki la ïathuh ba shisien u Syiem Tirot Sing u la wan mareh marwei da kaba ïaid kjat dkoh. Ka snam ka la phlei bad btur na ka khohwah jong u ha kata ka jinglait phet jong u. Te ban lait na ka jingshah buddien ha ki shipai, kila pynrieh ïa u ha kawei ka ïing. Ki Maroit ki la ïa ot syiar jingshnong bad pynjaw lut ïa ka snam syiar ha ki dwar ïing ha phyllaw ïing jong ka shnong. Te ki shipai kim lapdien shuh ban kem ïa u.
Ha ka sngi ba bud, kata shi sngi shuwa ka sngi thep vote, nga la leit da ka kjat bym ïoh kali naduh Maroit shaduh Nongkhlaw bad uwei u paralok. Tang shu poi, la leit pyni ïa ngi da ki shnong ïa ka jaka ïingsad Hima Nongkhlaw ha kaba la kha ïa u Tirot Sing. Ka kmie jong u ka dei ka Syiemsad Ksan Syiemlieh.Uwei pat u riew tymmen ha Nongkhlaw hi u la ïathuh ba ha kata ka por ka thma Nongkhlaw, la don arngut ki riewphylla kiba la wan poi sha Nongkhlaw. Kita ki briew ki la wan la ka jong ka jong. Ki kwah ban ïarap ïa ka thma, ym dei da ka bor met hynrei da ka bor mynsiem (moral support). Ki la wan haba ka thma ka la khie jur, te dei pat da ka ktien ba pynjem. Ki ju ong ka thma ka ktien. Kine ki la pynïeng da ka nia ka jutang hakhmat U Blei Trai Kynrad ba un da ïa ka jingim u Tirot Sing. Ki la sei da ka diengshat, u klong u skaw. Shisha u Tirot Sing um shym shah pynïap bad la ïada ïa u da ka bor Blei najrong.
Nga ka kylli bniah ïa ki ba kaei ka kyrteng jong ki. U la ïathuh ba katba kynmaw uwei u dei u Khin Thyrniang uba la wan naduh ka Hima Nobosohphoh na ka thaiñ Rangblang. Uwei pat, u dei u Mohon Tariang uba la wan sha Nongkhlaw naduh Riwar Synteng jong ka Hima Jaiñtia.Ynda la synshar ka sorkar Phareng, ka la knieh noh ïa ka pynthor Bordwar haduh 150 sq. mile jong ka Hima Nongkhlaw. Ki la pynïasoh ïa ka sha Kamrup, Assam. Hynrei ynda kila phet noh ha ka snem 1947 ki khlem pynphai sha ka Hima Nongkhlaw. Nalor ka Bordwar, ki Phareng ki la knieh ïa ka shnong Mawmluh harum Sohra na ki Syiemlieh Hima Nongkhlaw. Kane ka long ka shnong shalan nar bad nar isbad sha Sylhet hyndai.
Ka jingkhyllem ka Hima Nongkhlaw ha ka thma 1829-33, ka dei ba kim don ïa ki tiar siat suloi kiba khlaiñ. Sa kawei pat ki don tang khyndiat u paid nongshong shnong. Ha kata ka por ka jingdon briew ha ka Hima Nongkhlaw kam palat ïa ka 5000-6000 ngut eiei. Ngi shem ba katkum ka census 1901, ka Hima Nongkhlaw ka jingdon briew ka long tang 9,715 ngut.
Ki Phareng ki tang shu ïoh kem ïa u Tirot Sing ha ka snem 1833, ki la thung nongsynshar ïa u Colonel F.G. Lister ban long kum u Agent jong u Governor General ha India ha Sohra. Ha ka snem 1834 pat ka la thung noh ïa u Francis Jenkins ban long u Agent bathymmai ha ka jaka u F.G. Lister ba la shah pynkynriah kam.
Utei u Francis Jenkins u la pynïap ïa ka kyrteng nongsynshar u Tirot Sing katba u dang im ha Dhaka. Namar la thung syiem noh ïa u Rijon Sing kum u Syiem thymmai ha ka Hima Nongkhlaw ha ka 29 tarik u March, 1834. Ynda la ïoh laitluid hadien ha ka snem 1947, da ka jingbakla la “pynshad Tirot” ha Mairang ha ka sngi ïap synshar u Tirot Sing. La ju ai shuti da ka sorkar Assam bad hadien pat da ka sorkar Meghalaya.
U Governor ka Assam 1950-56, u Shri Jairam Das Daulatram u la kynmaw ieit ïa ki matti u Tirot Sing. U la phai khmat sha Nongkhlaw bad Mairang ban leh eiei ha ka kyrteng bad ka nam u Paiem Tirot Sing. U la kyntu ïa u Syiem Kedro Manik jong ka Hima bad ki bakhraw batri jong ka Hima Nongkhlaw ban leh eiei noh ïa u Tirot Sing. Kum ka jingsdang u Governor u la leit buh maw nongrim ïa u mot Tirot Sing ha Mairang ha ka 15 tarik December 1953 ban im ka kyrteng sah ka nam u Tirot Sing. U Prof. G.G.Swell M.P., uba long u khun u hajar ka Hima Nongkhlaw na ka shnong Laitkynsew u la phai sha Nongkhlaw bad la tei ïa ka ïing kynmaw ïa u Tirot Sing lyngba ka M.P. Scheme jong u.
U Dr. David R. Syiemlieh u la artatien ïa katei ka sngi ïap u Tirot Sing. Hynrei ym don ki sakhi satar ban pynsabut. Kumta u la hiar sha Dhaka bad sha London ban lap ïa ka jingshisha. Donbok u la lap ïa ki Dulir. U la lap ïa ka na ka India Office Records na London ba ka sngi ïap ba shisha u Tirot Sing ka dei ha ka 17 tarik u July, 1835 ha ka por shi baje mynsngi ha Dhaka. U la ai jingtip sha ka sorkar Meghalaya ha ka snem 1988 bad ka la mynjur. Kata ka mut ba naduh ba shah kem u Tirot Sing ha ka 13 tarik u January 1833 (Sngi Sunday) haduh ka sngi khlad jong u ha ka 17 tarik u July (Sngi Friday) 1835, te u la shah set byndi ha Dhaka haduh ar snem hynriew bnai bad saw sngi.
Saw bnai shuwa ban ïap u Tirot Sing, ka sorkar East India Company jong ki Phareng, ki la knieh jubor ïa ka hima Jaiñtia ha ka 15 tarik u March, 1835. ïa u Syiem Rajendra Sing ka Hima Jaiñtia la pynhiar khet noh da ki Phareng. La knieh haduh 484 sq. miles ka Jaiñtia Pargama kaba khappud bad ka Tripura. La pynïasoh noh sha ka Sylhet District. La pynryngkang par noh ïa u Syiem Rajendra Sing na Jaiñtiapur sha Sylhet haduh un da ïap ha ka snem 1861.
Ki jait Syiemlieh Hima Nongkhlaw bad ki jait Syiem Sutnga ba synshar ïa ka Hima Jaiñtia ki dei shikur. Ka ïawbei jong ki ka dei ka Li Dohkha bad u Thawlang u dei u Lo Ryndi Tariang. La pher ka Hima synshar jong ki hynrei ki dei shikur trai na kajuh ka ïawbei na kajuh ka jaitbynriew.
Shuwa ka snem 1829, ym ju don ki kharlieh ne ki khariong kiba shong bad buhai shnong ha ki Bri u Hynñiewtrep. Hynrei dei ki Phareng kiba la wanrah dkhar bad buhai shnong sha kane ka ri lyngba ka shnong Sohra naduh ka snem 1834 bad ha Shillong naduh ka snem 1866. Katkum ka census 1872 ka nongbah Shillong ka don 1,363 ngut ki nongshong shnong. Mynta pat katkum ka census 2011 ka nongbah Shillong ka don 3,54,759 ngut ki briew. Kumta ka Shillong ka la long ka shnong dkhar kaba heh tama ha Meghalaya. Katkum ka jingai jingtip ka Election Commission of India na New Delhi, la ïathuh ba ka jingdon briew ha Meghalaya ha ka snem 2018 ka long 35 lak ngut ki nongshong shnong. Hynrei ka jingdon briew u paid Khasi baïar ha ka census 2011, ka long tang 14,11,773 ne 14 lak, 11 hajar bad 773 ngut. Kumta u dkhar ba wan buhai shnong na bar ri bad na bar ka Meghalaya ki don haduh 20,088,227 ngut ne 20 lak, 88 hajar bad 227 ngut. U Khasi mynta u long u nongwei ne Minority ha Meghalaya kumba la jia ïa ki Riewlum Tripuri ha Tripura mynta.Ka Meghalaya kam dei shuh ka Khasi State ne ka Hill State.
Ki 190 snem ba la khie ka thma Nongkhlaw, ki la ïaid leit sha ka pyrthei ramïa aïu re? Sa tang 10 snem nangne ngin sa rakhe ïa ka jingdap 200 snem ka thma Nongkhlaw jong ka por u Tirot Sing. Lada ngi kwah ban im ngi dei ban ïaleh, u bym kwah ban ïaleh ha kane ka pyrthei ba dap da ki jingïaleh, te um don ka hok ban im. ïeng rangbah haduh ban da jop kumba ngi angnud ban lah.
Haba phai biang shaphang u Tirot Sing sa shisien pat. Ngi kynmaw haba u la shimti ïa ka khet syiem ha Nongkhlaw ha ka snem 1814 A.D. u la dap kumba 14 ne 15 snem. U la pynïaid ïa ka Hima hadien 6 snem naduh katei. Kiba la ïarap ïa u ha ka liang ka synshar khadar u Jidorsing, u Monsing Wahlang bad u Jitrai bad kiwei kiwei de.
U Tirot Sing u la long u riew ieit ri. U la shah shitom na ka bynta ka hima, ka ri bad ka jaitbynriew khlem pyndem. Nyngkong ki Phareng ki la set ïa u ha kawei ka koidi (jail) paidbah. La ai ïa u tang da kawei ka kumbor ba un kup. Hynrei hadien, u Nawab (nongsynshar) ka Dhaka, u la ïoh jingtip ba u Tirot Sing u dei u Syiem. Te, kumta u la ujor pyrshah sha ki bor ka East India Company, ba kim dei ban set ïa u ha katei ka jaka.
Kumta, ki Phareng, ki la pynsangeh noh bad pynsah pat ïa u Tirot Sing ha kawei pat ka ïing ba kyrpang (House arrest). La buh ïa u hapoh ar ngut ki nongsumar, ki nongïarap ban don ryngkat bad u barabor. Uwei na kita u dei u Mango Tasso uba dei u para Hynñiewtrep hi na Pnar. La ai bai bam ïa u Rs. 63.00 (Hynriew phew lai) tyngka shi bnai.
U Tirot Sing, u la ïathuh shuwa ba un khlad na ka pyrthei ha ka 17 tarik u July (Friday) 1835,da kaba ong kumne ha u Mango Tasso, ba ynda “Phi poi sha la ka ri, sa ïathuh ïa ki para ri jong nga, ba u Tirot Sing u la ïap kum u Syiem”. Haba u la dep kren ïa kitei ki ktien, u la phai artad ïa ki khmat sha ka rilum Khasi shuwa ba un ïap. U khapbrip noh artad jar.
Phi don ban ong eiei?