Na ka saiñktien, sha ka shoh ktien

Raphael Warjri

Shuh shuh ki don ki ktien ki ba don ki snap tynrai na ka ktien Khasi ba la ju batai da ki Stadsaiñktien (linguist) ba ki dei ki ba la shim kylliang na sha bar. Kum kita ki ktien ki dei kumne: Thakur- barabor la ju tip ba ka dei ka ktien Sanskrit bad Hindi ka ba thew ia ki kynja kynrem lyndan ba rangbahduh ha ka imlang sahlang, katba ha ka jingshisha la shem ba ka dei ka ba la wandur na ka ktien ‘Thawkur’ ka ba mut ia u kynja longkñi longkpa riewblei ba long shijur bad ka Meihukum na ka bynta ka lyngwiar bneng jong ki jingthaw salonsar, bad kane ka ktien ka wan na ka tyllong ktien Khasi ‘thaw’ bad ‘kur’ ka ba syriem kum ha ka ba ong thawlang u ba biang jur bad ka iawbei.

Ka ktien mynjur- la ju kam ba ka dei ka ktien Hindi, hynrei ka don ka thymmei na ki shikyntien ki ba synrap lang na ki tyllong ktien Khasi, kata ka ktien ‘mon’ bad ka ktien ‘jur’ ka ba mut ba la mon da ka ba jur shisha lane la mynjur; ka ktien shata- la ju kam ba ka dei ka ktien Hindi ia ka knup shatri da slap, hynrei ha ka Khasi ka dei ruh ia ka khlieh jong u juloi ne prek ba tangon da u tyrnem; josti- la ju kam ba ka dei ka ktien Hindi ka ba dei ruh ka tien synrap jong ka jubor ba ju ong jubor josti; kumjuh ruh ia ka ktien hok, pap, shatri, muhor, tala, shabi, mombati, synduk, phatok bad bun kiwei kiwei ba yn dang kdew shuh shuh hadien la ju kam ba ki dei ki ba shim kylliang na ki ktien nongwei. Hynrei ki don ki ktien Khasi tynrai ki ba nylla ba la pyndonkam ha kiei kiei ki bynta jong ka juk thymmai mynta bad ki ba dei sbiak katkum ba dawa, kum ka ktien shab- emblem, nishan- insignia, mana- prohibition, maham- warning, byndi- prison, along- dungeon, sawar- plummet, ser- kilogram (approximately), risaw- (planing), tympan (column), nap (tweezers), thyrnia (needle), bad kiwei kiwei ki ban dang kdew shuh shuh hadien.

Ka don ruh kawei ka bynta jong ka ktien Khasi ka ba pule kumjuh hynrei kynnoh da kumwei bad ka jingmut ruh ki ba iapher bak-ly-bak kum ka ktien ruh (also) ruh (casket); lum (gather) lum (hill); shynraiñ (twig) shynraiñ (awestruck); man (being) kum ha ba long ba man, man (prefix for repetition) kum ha ba ong man ka por, man ka sngi; manman (obstinate), pha (devote) kum ha ba aiti la ka jingim, pha (feminine pronoun), kot (paper) kot (reach) ïoh, kot (earning) kumka ioh ka kot; nong (profit) nong (fate) nong (prefix for verb to convert into a noun) kum nongkhrong, nongkyndong, nongwei ter ter; plakot (school bag) plakot (paper bag), thyrnia (needle) thirnia (discuss), tar (tear) tar (rhythm) tar (analyse) kum ha ka ba tar kpong; saw (red) saw (four), risaw (October) risaw (planing); jur (pair) jur (galvanise), mar (equipment) kum ki mar ki mata, mar (equitable) kum ba ong mar katjuh, mar (giant) kum u Mar Phalyngki; kani (table measure for four hundred betel nut) kum ka thup kheiñ shi kani ne sawspah tylli ki kwai, kani (narcotic substance) kum ia u kynja aphin ba dih buaid; tba (trace in the dark) tba (lighting specifically), khah (nearby/ closely) khah (weed), lei (doesn’t matter) lei (gum) ‘lei (shortened term for deity), ler (protrude) ler (able), phan (potato root) phan (chant of sorcery), bak (run away) bak (different); bad kiwei kiwei ki ba yn dang kdew shuh shuh hadien. Ki don ruh ki ktien ki ba don ka tyllong na ka ktien tynrai ba bynrap lang ar kyntien tangba ki ba kit jingmut lajong ha la ka shikyntien, hynrei ka mih ka jingmut thymmai na kita ki ktien bynrap bad ki kylla noh ka rukom pule dak. Ki nuksa kum kita ki long ka ktien mynjur ka ba wan na ka ktien ‘mon’ bad ‘jur’ ki kylla monjur- bad hadien pat la pule mynjur; langdoh- lyngdoh, markynti ka wan na ka ktien mar bad kynti bad kylla markynti.

Ha man la ka ktien thoh katkum ba la bishar na kiwei kiwei ki ktien nongwei la pynshongnia ha ka ba phiah bynta ia ki ktien katkum ba snoh la ka bynta bynta khnang ban bniah bad sani ka rukom shna kyntien bad ban pynshong bad pynshoh ktien ha ba thoh ne ha ba kren. Kata ka rukom phiah ia ki kyntien ha la ki bynta jingkren (part of speech) la pynjanai ha kata ka metbah ktien ka ba lah ban jer ka SOHKTIEN ka ba thew ha ka ktien phareng ia ka Grammar. Kine kiei kiei ki long tang ki rukom thaw bad shna hi ia ki ba la tyrwa ba lah ban pdiang ne kyntait da ki bor bad iktiar ba tbit ha ka thoh ka tar bad ha ka saiñktien. Kumta ka sohktien (grammar) bad bynta jingkren (part of speech) ha ka ktien (language) Khasi lah ban ai jingmut kat kum ka rukom jong ka ktien phareng ba la kdew kumne harum:
Noun- Tienmet Tienpasoh : Ka kyrteng briew, jaka, ki mar ki mata, ki tiar ki tar ne kiei kiei ba don la ka jingmut ha la ka kyrteng.
Pronoun- Tiennam Tienjer: ka ba shim bujli ha ba jer ba nam/ ban pynkam ban Tienkam tienkap pynkap ha ka jaka jong ka tienmet tienpasoh.
Verb- Tienleh tienjia: ka ba ithuh ïa ka ba leh, long, don, dei ne jia haba kren.
Adjective- Tienlong tiendei: ka ba batai jinglong jong ka tienleh bad tienpasoh.
Adverb- Shohktien shonktien: ka ktien ba pynshoh ne pynshon jingmut shuh shuh ïa ka tienlong tiendei, tienleh tienjia.
Preposition- Tienkdew tienpyni: ka ba pyni ne kdew ïa ka tienpasoh ne tiennam bad kiwei ki bynta jingkren.
Conjunction- Tienbteng tiensnoh: ka ba bteng ne pynsnoh kyntien ha ki bynta jingkren
Interjection- Tienkynsan tienkyndeh: ka ba pynpaw jingsngew kyndit ha ka bynta jingkren.
Articles- Tiensin tienong : kaba sin ne ong ïa ki tienpasoh katkum ka jinglong bad kyrdan.