Ka Ktien ka kren ïa ka Dustur; Nangta Ka Dustur ïa ka Jaitbynriew

Collin Wanñiang

Ha kane ka jingthoh ka Kyntien “Khasi” ka kdew ïa ki Khynriam, Pnar, Bhoi, War, Maram, Lyngngam bad baroh kiba hap hapoh ka thymmei-shatri Hynñiewtrep.
Ka Riti-dustur jong ka jaitbynriew ka shatphalang ha ka Ktien kren bad ktien thoh. Ïa ka Ktien Khasi la kynthup lang ha ka Thup-ktien Monkhmer jong ka Austro-Asiatic. Hapoh India, ïa kane ka thup-ktien la pyndonkam tang da ki Khasi bad ki Santhal-Munda. Kane

ka mut ba ki Khasi ki dei kum ka dewlynnong ba la shah ker tawiar da kiwei pat ki Jaitbynriew kiba pher bak lybak ha ka ktien ka thylliej. Na Sepngi la shah ker tawiar da ki Garo kiba kren ïa ka thup-ktien Tibeto-Burman kum kiwei pat ki Jaitbynriew riewlum jong ka dong shatei lam mihngi; na shatei ka Kamrup, Assam la shah ker tawiar da kiba kren ïa ka thup-ktien Sanskrit jong ka Indo-Aryan; na shatei ka Karbi Anglong, Assam la shah ker tawiar da kiba kren ïa ka thup-ktien Tibeto-Burman; na Mihngi ka Cachar, Assam la shah ker tawiar da kiba kren lang ïa ki thup-ktien Sanskrit jong ka Indo-Aryan bad Tibeto-Burman; na shathie la shah ker tawiar da ka Bangladesh kaba pyndonkam ïa ka thup-ktien Sanskrit jong ka Indo-Aryan. Kumne, ka Ktien Khasi ka donkam ïa ka jingïada kaba kham kyrpang bha, lymda kumta kan shu jah rngai khamakha.
Ïa ka Jaitbynriew ryngkat ka Riti-dustur bad ka Pyrkhat-Pyrdaiñ jong ka, la tip na ka Ktien. Kawei na ki nuksa kiba rit ban sngewthuh kumno ka Pyrkhat-Pyrdaiñ Khasi ka pher shibun na kiwei khamtam na ki Ktien kiba don ïa ka thymmei Sanskrit, dei ha ka jingthaw sentens. Katba ha ka Khasi ka ryntih-pynbeitktien ka dei: “Nga bam ja” (Subject-Verb-Object), ha ki thup-ktien Sanskrit pat: “Nga Ja bam” kum ha ka Hindi “Mey bhaat khata hu” (Subject-Object-Verb). Ka jingdon jong ki Kyntien “U”, “Ka” (Gender Determiner) kiba long ha kajuh ka por kum ki Artikyl phareng “the”, “a”, “an” ka long kaba kyrpang ha ka Ktien Khasi. Kumta lah ban ong ba ka Ktien Khasi ka don ïa ki “Gender determined Articles”.
Khlem kine ki kyntien “U”, “Ka” ikumba ym ju don hi kita ki Noun ha ka Khasi. Ryngkat bad kine ki kyntien lah ban sngewthuh ruh ïa ka Pyrkhat-Pyrdaiñ Khasi. Ha kiba bun ki Khep, ka Ktien Khasi ka pyndonkam ïa ka kyntien “Ka” ban thew ïa kiei kiei kiba heh bad ïar, nuksa: Ka bneng, ka khyndew, ka pyrthei, ka duriaw, ka pynthor, ka shnong, tt. Ïa ka kyntien “U” pat la pyndonkam ban kdew bunsien ïa kiei kiei kiba rit bad jrong, nuksa: “u Siej” ba dang ïeng katba “ka Siej” ynda la dep thlieh dep thla Phrah, u Khulom bad ka Sia, u Khaw bad ka Ja, u Khnam bad ka Ryntieh, u Star bad ka Khoh, tt. Ki bymdei Khasi ki ju kynthoh ba ka Ktien Khasi ka ai da ka Feminine Determiner “Ka” ïa kiei kiei kiba bha, kiba heh, kiba kordor, tt. Katba da ka Masculine Determiner “U” ïa kiei kiei kiba rit, kiba jrong, kibym kordor, kibym phoida ei ei, tt. dei namar ba ki Khasi ki shim Jait shim Kur sha ka Kynthei. Hato ka dei ne em? Ban pdiang ne ban ym pdiang ïa ka jingkynthoh, khamtam na ki bymdei Khasi, donkam ban da peit bniah baroh arliang namar ka jingkdewkti kynthoh jong kiba nabar ka Jaitbynriew ka lah ban kdew shisha sha kata ka jinglong jongngi kaba ngim poipyrkhat satia namar ngi la myllen naduh kulong kumah.
Tip ma! Lehse ki jingkynthoh jong kiba nabar ka Jaitbynriew ki lah ban dei ka Jingkyrsiew thiah ïa ngi ha kano ka rukom ba ngi dei ban ym shah rah umsaw ha kane ka Pyrthei jingïaleh. Kum ka nuksa, ha kiba bun hi ki Ktien jong ki Jaitbynriew ka Pyrthei, ki ai da ka Masculine Gender ïa ka Sngi, kumta kan long “U Sngi” bad feminine Gender ïa u bnai, kumta kan long “Ka bnai” namar ki ong ba Ka Sngi ka kham khlaiñbor shibun ban ïa u Bnai; bad u Bnai u ïoh jingshai na ka Sngi. Ka Ktien Khasi pat ka ong “Ka Sngi” bad “U Bnai”, kumta ngi pynlong Kynthei ïa “U Sngi” bad pynlong Shynrang ïa “Ka Bnai” bad ngi da don ruh ïa ka Puriskam ban ïathuh pateng kumno U Bnai u la haramjat ïa la Ka Sngi kaba dei ka Hynmen jong u bad ba kumno Ka Sngi kaba khlaiñbor haduh katta katta ka la synreit ïa U Bnai da ka Dpei. Kumta u Bnai u la hap rieh ha ka Syrngiew jong ka Sngi.
Hato kane ka kdew-klep mo sha kata ka Jingshimjait jong ka Jaitbynriew Khasi na ka Kynthei? Ka Jaitbynriew ka la ïaid ïa ka lynti na ka jinglong Jaitbynriew phetwir sha ka jinglong Jaitbynriew shongneh, na ka juk ïaleh thma para Khasi: Sohra pyrshah Khyrim, Shangpung pyrshah Jowai, Sutnga pyrshah Raliang, Maram pyrshah Mawïang, tt. sha ka juk “Kawei ka Jylla”. Ka la don ka por, khamtam syndet syndet hadien jong ka jingïoh Jylla riewlum ba ïa ki ophis treikam sorkar la hap ban pyndap shwa da ki bymdei riewlum na ka daw ba ym shym la don la kijong ban pyndap pura ïa ki bhah thylli ki ophis.
Mynta la don shibun ki Khasi kiba lah ban leh ïa ki Jait kam baroh. Phewse, lada peit ha ki Khep Jingduk Jingkyrduh, bun ha ki Nongkyndong ki mih kine ki Kyntien: “Phi ko Bahbah, phi don bormet borksah, phi u Khatarbor, Ka bha ba phin sangeh Skul noh ban ïoh ïarap ïa i pa ïa i mei shwa ban leit ïing-briew; katba ka Kongkong pat ha ka jinglong tlot shibor…ieh kan mat leit skul shwa”. Ïa kane baroh la leh da ka Jingjynsur dohnud bad Jingsngur mynsiem, khlem da pyrkhat sha kata ka jingnoh shiliang jong ka pyrla. U Bahbah ruh ha ka jingkhuid mynsiem nongkyndong u la shu im ka leit bylla noh.
Ha ïapyrkhat, lada bun ki longïing kiba leh kumne, kan jia aïu ïa ka Jaitbynriew Khasi? Ki khun Kynthei jongngi kiba la don kyrdan kin dang sngew ïahap kyrdan mo ban shim kurim da u shynrang Khasi ubym nang bym stad? Watla ki la don ki khep ha kaba ki kynthei Khasi ki la hap shim kurim ïa ubym ïaryngkat kyrdan! Ñiuma, lada shu shaniah jubor noh ha kata ka bok bad ka nusip, te la shu ïabiang kumto, hynrei ha kiba bun hi ki khep, lada ka Kynthei ka hap leit kam ophis katba u Shynrang u hap shu ap Khun lane trei bylla, te ka lah ban don hi kata ka Jingsngewpoh na ka liang u Shynrang ha kano ma ka por. Kane ka lah ban wanrah ïa ka jingbymïatylli ha ïing.
Don bun ki kynthei Khasi jongngi kiba ieit shisha ïa la ka ri. Phewse, hadien ba ki la kiew kyrdan, ki shem jingeh shisha ban ïoh Kurim da u Shynrang Khasi uba ïaryngkat kyrdan. Kumta don kiba shu ïai ap bad don ruh kiba shu pynliñ por noh ha ka shongsah-marwei khlem da shongkurim shuh. Don patde kiba ïoh da ki bymdei Khasi bad ka Jinglong Jingman jong ka sawdong-sawkun ka pynlong ïa ki ban shu leit bud noh ïa u Kurim sha ka Ri bajngai. Ha kane ka rukom, nalor ba ki Khun Shynrang ki shu pep Skul jyndat, bad ki Kynthei ruh ki la hap mih noh na la Ri; ngi shu nang duh ei ïa ki Jabieng khraw-pyrkhat jong ka Jaitbynriew.
Lada kumne shi kumne, haduh lano yn lah ban pyndap ïa kata ka jingthylli khraw-pyrkhat ka Jylla Meghalaya?