KA KOT REP

B.M Pugh
[ba bteng] Lane ngi lah ban pyndonkam da kaba leit theh ia kane ka jakhlia bad hadien kata sa tap pat da ka khyndew. Khnang ban ym hap tih arsien, kata ban tih bad ban sa tap, ha ki len shipai lane ha ki phatok kiba don bun ki briew, ki ju tih, na kawei ka dong jong ka lyngkha, ka thliew kaba kumba lai phut ka jingiar bad kaba jrong katba jrong ka dong jong ka lyngkha, bad katba kane ka thliew ka nang dap, ki tih harud jong ka da kawei pat ka thliew baroh shilynter, bad da kata ka khyndew kaba ki khlaw na kata ka thliew kaba thymmai ki tap ia jakhlia ha ka thliew kaba rim. Ia ka jingpyndonkam ia ka sboh ha kane ka rukom, ki khot ha ka ktien phateng “Trenching manure”.

Kane ka long ka rukom kaba bha eh ban leh ia ka jakhlia-jakhlaid napoh shnong. Da kaba leh kumne ym tang ba ka shnong kan khuid na ka jakhlia-jakhlaid napoh shnong, hynrei kan pynlong ruh ia ki khyndew shnong ki jaka kiba sei soh shibun eh.

Nalor kitei ki jait sboh kiba nga la batai haneng kiba ngi ioh na ki mrad bad u briew, don sa kawei ka jaid sboh kaba ngi ioh na ki si’ar, ki han ne ki kynja sim baroh, kaba long kaba kordor shibun. Ha ka 100 mon ka eit s’iar don kumba 64 ser ka naitrojen. Kata ka mut, ka eit s’iar ka don kumba lai shah ka naitrojen kaba don ka eit masi.Nalor kata ruh, ka kham don bun shah ka phosphoros bad ka potassiom ban ia kitei ki sboh kiba ngi ioh na u briew lane u mrad.

Ki Jingthung Sboh
Kawei pat ka jait sboh kaba ki pyndonkam na ka bynta ba ka don ka naitrojen ka long katto-katne ki jingthung kiba iadei kur bad u rymbaija, lane u ri, motor bad kiwei-kiwei ki jingthung. Ngi ngeit ki nongpule kin ym sngew phylla ei-ei haba ngi ong ba ki jingthung ki iadei kur. U phan, u sohbaingon saw, u sohbaingon iong, u dumasla ki iadon katto katne ka jingiadei kur. Kumjuh ruh u pathaw, u klong, bad u sohkhia ki ia don katto katne ka jingiadei kur. Don bun ki rukom kiba u riewstad u pyndonkam ban wad ia ka jingiadeikur uwei u jingthung na uwei pat, hynrei ngin ym lah ban batai ia kita ha kane ka kot kaba ngi thoh khamtam na ka bynta u nongrep.

Ki jingthung kiba iadeikur bad u rymbaija, u ri bad u motor kiba ngi lah ban pyndonkam kum ki sboh na ka bynta kiwei pat ki jingthung ki long kito kiba don ki syntiew kiba iasriem dur, lane ki soh lane ki symbai kiba iasriem bad ki. La khot kyllum ia ki leguim (legume), namar ba u soh jong ki u long uba ki khot ha ka ktien phareng u “legume” lane u “pod”, kata ka mut ba ka dur jong u ka long kum ka jong u ri ne u motor. Ki jingthung kiba iadei ha kane ka iingkur (family) ki long u motor u rymbaija, u ri, u dai rahor, u dai muk, u dai saw, u shana-budam, u sohphlang bad bun kiwei kiwei kiba ngim lah ban jer kyrteng lut hangne.

Kawei kaei-kaei kaba phylla eh ia kine ki jaid jingthung ka long ba ha ki thied jong ki, ki don ki kynja jingthung kiba rit katta-katta kiba ngim lah ban iohi da ki khmat jong ngi, hynrei kiba lah ban leh ia kawei ka kam kaba phylla katta-katta. Kata ka long kane; ki lah ban pyndonkam ia ka naitrojen kaba don ha ka l’er bad ban wallam ia ka ha ki met jong ki.Ia kine ki jingthung kiba phylla ngim lah ban iohi da ki khmat hynrei tang da ka iit tyndong kaba ki khot ka maikroskop (microscope), hynrei ngi lah ban iohi ia ki dur kum ki thapbasim ne ki kyrwoh ha ki thied jong ki dieng kiba ki khot ha ka ktien phareng ki “nodule” (kynnoh noduil) lane ki “tubercle” (kynnoh tubarkl) kiba long ki jaka buhai shnong jong kita ki jingthung kiba rit katta- katta kiba ki khot ha ka phareng ki “bacteria” (kynnoh baktiria). Kine ki baktiria kiba shong shnong kumta ha ki thied jong kine ki jingthung kiba ki khot ki “legume” (kynnoh leguim) ki ioh ia ka bor ban trei (energy) na kaba bam ia u kynja starch uba don ha kita ki jingthung bad ki siew kylliang pat ia kita ki jingthung da kaba ai ia ki ia ka naitrojen kaba ki lah ban shim na ka l’er. Kumta ka don ka jingiamyntoi baroh arliang.

Ha kane ka rukom kine ki jingthung kiba ki khot ki leguim ki kham don shibun ka naitrojen ban ia kiwei-kiwei pat ki jingthung. Kumta lada ngi thung ia ki jingthung kiba kum kine, ka naitrojen ka nang roi ha ka khyndew bad kumta ka nang seisoh shibun.Khamtam lada ngi tep ia une u jingthung baroh uwei hapoh khyndew, katta shuh shuh ka khyndew ka nang kham sboh. Haba ki pyndonkam kumne ia u jingthung, ki khot ia uta u jingthung u jingthung sboh (plant manure). Ha ri Bengal ki ju kham pyndonkam eh ia uwei u jingthung uba ki khot u dhaincha bad ka kyrteng ha ki ktien saians (science) ki khot u Sesbania aculeata. Ha ka jylla kaba ki khot ka United Provinces pat ki ju pyndonkam eh da u saihon, u jingthung uba ki khot u sainai bad uba ka kyrteng saians pat ka long Crotolaria juncea. Ha ri lum Khasi-Jaintia jong ngi pat ngi ngeit ym don uba kham bha ia u rymbaija lane da u jingthung uba ki ong ha ka ktien Phareng u “cowpea”. Kine ki jingthung nalor ba ki pynroi ia ka naitrojen, ki tap lup ia ka khyndew ba kumta ki nuit ki nier hapoh jong ki ki iap op; bad u slap ruh um ioh shoh eh ia ka khyndew ba kumta ka sboh kaba don ha ka khyndew kam tuid noh sha ki wah bad nangta sha ri Dkhar. Ngin thoh kham bha shaphang kane ka jingtuid ka khyndew (soil erosion) ha ka lynnong kaba hadien.

Ka Sboh Dawai
Kaba lai ka jaid sboh kaba ki ju ai ia ka khyndew khnang ban pynroi ia ka naitrojen ka long ka sboh dawai. Don bun ki dawai sboh kiba i kum ka mluh ia kiba ki ju pyndonkam kum ka sboh. Kaba nyngkong eh kaba ki ju kham pyndonkam ka long kaba ki khot ha ka ktien Phareng ka sodium nitrate (kynnoh sodiom naitret). Ka sodiom naitret don kumba 15 ne 16 mon ka naitrojen. Kata ka mut ba kane ka mluh ka don kumba 28 ne 30 shah ka naitrojen ban ia kaba don ha ka sboh masi. Haba pyndonkam ia kane namar ka iadei ban buh tang khyndiat ha ka khyndew. Ha ka shi ekar ka lyngkha tang kumba lai ne saw mon la biang.Hynrei kane ka mluh ka wan na ki ri kiba jngai eh, bad namar kata ka rem shibun wat lada ioh ia ka. [yn dang bteng]