B.M Pugh
[ba bteng] Ka Agriculture College ha Allahabad mynta ka la plie ka jinghikai na ka bynta kito kiba kwah ban long lashai la shisngi ki enjiniar ka rep. Ngi ngeit namarkata ba ynda ka jylla Assam bad ka ri Khasi-Jaintia ki la ioh u enjiniar uba nang ruh ia ka rep, ba ki lyngkor kiba iadei bha bad ka ri Khasi-Jaintia kin sa mih ha ki ri lum jong ngi.
Na katei kaba nga la thoh haneng lehse yn don kiba pyrkhat “hato u mrad aiu ngi lah ban pyndonkam ha ka ri Khasi-Jainita na ka bynta ban ring ia ki lyngkor?” Katba nga lah ban ong nga ngeit ba ka ri Khasi-Jaintia ka lah ban pyndonkam ia ki masi dab kumba ki leh ha kylleng ka ri India; hynrei ki lah ruh, nga ngeit ban pyndonkam ha ki lum Khasi-Jainita ia ki kulai lane ki khashor kumba ki leh sha Bilat bad kiwei-kiwei ki ri sha ri sepngi. U masi, namar ba u kulai kham khlain bad u lah ruh ban iaid kham stet; hynrei u masi u kham lah ban shah ia ka jingshit bad kiwei-kiwei ki jingshitom khambha ban ia u kulai.
Sha America, Russia, bad sha ki katto-katne pat ki ri, ha ka jaka ba kin pyndonkam da ki mrad ban ring ia ka lyngkor lane ia kino kino ki kor rep, ki la pyndonkam da ki kor kiba ki ong ki traktor (tractor). Kine ki kor ki long kum ki motor kar (car) hynrei kiba kham khlain bun shah ia u kulai. Kumta ha ka jaka ban ring tang kawei ka lyngkor ki lah ban ring bun ki lyngkor ha kajuh ka por. Ngi ngeit ba ka ri Khasi-Jaintia kan ym pat lah ban pyndonkam da ki tractor; hynrei la kumta ruh ngi kyrmen ba ki syiem ha ki ri lum jong ngi kin pyrshang ban pyndonkam ia ki. Ha kine ki por don bun u samla Khasi-Pnar uba nang ban pyniaid ia ki kor kiba kum kine. Kan long ka jingmyntoi bad ka jingkyrkhu ia ka ri lada kito kiba don shibun ka khyndew (kumba san spah ekar) kin pyndonkam ia kine ki samla na ka bynta ki kam kiba kum kine. Hynrei nga dei ban pyni ba don ruh bun jaid ki tracktor; don kiba bit na ka bynta ki jaka lum, don kiwei pat kiba bit na ka bynta ki jaka ktieh.
Ka lyngkor ka long kumta kawei na ki tiar kiba donkam eh ha ka jingrep. Hynrei nalor kane ki don kiwei pat ki kor kiba ki nongrep ha kylleng ka pyrthei ki pyndonkam, kine ki long ki “harrow” (kynnoh harro), ki “cultivator” (kynnoh kultivetor), ki “Planker”, (kynnoh Plangkar), ki kor thung (seed drils), bad kiwei kiwei.
ka harrow ka long ka kor kaba lah tang ban shu ksam ia ka khyndew. Ia kane ki ju kham pyndonkam ha kaba lum ia ki niut ki nier ynda la lah lur da ka lyngkor, lane ki pyndonkam ha kaba tap malu-mala ia u symbai uba ki shu thung da kaba bet bret (broad-cast), lane ki kynroi ia ka khyndew kumba shi inshi ar inshi, lane ban pynmadan malu-mala ia ka khyndew kaba lah lur da ka lyngkor. Ki don ruh bun rukom kine ki harrow, bad kaba kham jem eh ban ioh lane shna hi, ka long kato kaba ki shna da ki kynja shniah (iron pegs) kiba la pynskhem ha ka phrem (frame) kaba la shna da ki dieng. Kiba kham bha eh bad kiba ki ju kham pyndonkam ha ki pharm (farm) kiba ha kane ka ri India jong ngi mynta ki long kine ar jaid kiba ki khot ha ka ktien Phareng ka “Spring-tooth harrow” bad ka Spike-tooth harrow”.
Ki Koltibetor (cultivator) pat ki long kito ki kor kiba pyndonkam ban kynroi ia ki khyndew. kine kim da ngam jylliew eh ha ka khyndew kum ki lyngkor, lymne kim da ngam jyndong eh kum ka harro (harrow). Lah namar kata ban pyndonkam ia ki kum ki lyngkor ha ki khyndew kiba jem. Lah ruh ban pyndonkam ia ki kum ban kynroi ia ka khyndew khnang ban rat ia ki niut bad ban kynton khyndew artad ha kjat ki jingthung kum ha ki riewhadem lane ha u phan. Kine ki koltibetor ruh ki don bun jaid.
Ki plangkar (Planker) pat ki long kito ki tiar kiba ki pyndonkam ban pynlwit ia ki lyngkot khyndew (clods), lane ban pynmadan ia ka lyngkha. Kane ka tiar ka lah ban long tang uwei u dieng sawdong uba ki ring ki masi, lane ka lah ban long kum ka kor nar kaba lah ban tylliat ia ki lynglot khyndew da kaba pyntyllun ia ka da kaba ring da ki masi ne da ki kulai.
Ki kor thung symbai pat ruh ki long kiba iapher-iapher. Don ki kor thung symbai kiba lah ban thung haduh khadsaw nur shisien thung; hynrei ia kum kine ki kor ki ju pyndonkam da ka traktor ban ring ia ki.
LYNNONG – 7
KA JINGTUID KA KHYNDEW
Ka jingtuid ka khyndew (soil erosion) ka long kawei na ki sobjek (subject) kiba donkam eh ia u nongrep ban sngewthuh. ki Sorkar mynta ha kylleng ka pyrthei ki la iawad buit bha kumno ban pynsangeh ia ka jingtuid jong ka khyndew. Don katto-katne ki ri ka pyrthei ha kiba kane ka jngtuid ne jingkynriah ka khyndew na kawei ka jaka sha kawei pat ka jaka ka long na ka jingkit ka l’er. Hangne ha ri India jong ngi ruh ka khyndew na shaphang sepngi ka ri shyiap Rajputana ka la nang kynriah shaphang mihngi. Imat ba kane jingkynriah u shyiap na Rajputana kan nang pynroi ia ki jaka rkhiang ha ka jylla United Priovinces; Hynrei ha ri Khasi-Jaintia ka l’er kam da pynjulor eh ia ki khyndew. Ka jingpynjulor jong u slap pat ia ka khyndew ha ri Khasi-Jaintia ka long kaba kham khraw ban ia ha kino-kino kiwei pat ki jaka ha kane ka ri India jong ngi baroh kawei. Kumta ka jingsyntuid noh jong ka khyndew da ka jingshoh u slap ka long kaei-kaei kaba u nongrep ri Khasi-Jaintia bad kaba u Khasi-Pnar baroh uba ieit ia la ka ri u dei ban da pyrkhat bha.
Ngi la ong ha ki lynnong kiba mynshuwa ba ka la shim por slem ia ki mawsiang ba kin kylla khyndew. Kumta lada ngi duh noh ia kane ka khyndew kaba la pynlong da ki millian ki snem, ngi ha ki ri lum ngin sa duh noh ia la ka ri. [yn dang bteng]
Phi don ban ong eiei?