B.M. Pugh
[ba bteng] Kaba nyngkong eh kaba ki ju kham pyndonkam ka long kaba ki khot ha ka ktien Phareng ka sodium nitrate (kynnoh sodiom naitret). Ka sodiom naitret don kumba 15 ne 16 mon ka naitrojen. Kata ka mut ba kane ka mluh ka don kumba 28 ne 30 shah ka naitrojen ban ia kaba don ha ka sboh masi. Haba pyndonkam ia kane namar ka iadei ban buh tang khyndiat ha ka khyndew. Ha ka shi ekar ka lyngkha tang kumba lai ne saw mon la biang.Hynrei kane ka mluh ka wan na ki ri kiba jngai eh, bad namar kata ka rem shibun wat lada ioh ia ka.
Kawei pat ka mluh kaba ia sriem ia katei bad kaba lah ban ioh kyrhai ha kane ka ri India jong ngi ka long ka potassiom naitret (Potassium nitrate). Ia kane ka mluh ki pyndonkam ruh ha kaba shna ba khor (gun powder); namarkata ha ki por thma ka long kaba kham shitom ban ioh ia ka.
Kawei pat ka kynja mluh kaba ki pyndonkam kum ka sboh ka long ka ammoniom solphet (ammonium sulphate). Kane ka mluh ka long kaba kham ioh eh ha kane ka ri India jong ngi. Ia kane ka mluh ki ioh na ki karikhana kiba shna nar lane na ki karikhana kiba shna ia u dewiong uba la thang (coke) na u dewiong im (coal). Ha ka United Provinces bad kiwei kiwei ki jylla ka ri India, ha ki jaka ba ki thung shibun u pai ki ju ai da kane ka mluh ha ki lyngkha pai. Kane ka mluh ka don kumba 20 mon ka naitrojen ha ka 100 mon. Ha Allahabad mynta ki snem ki die ia kane ha ka dor Rs 6 haduh Rs 8 shi mon.
Ha ki jaka kiba jur bha u slap kum ha ri Khasi-Jaintia, lada pyndonkam ia kine ki jaid sboh, kan bha eh lada ber ia kane ka sboh kumba arsien ne laisien ha ka jaka ban ber shisynber. Ka daw ka long ba kane ka mluh ka um noh ha ka um slap bad kumta ka lah ban ngam noh shapoh khyndew bad ka um slap, lane ban tuid noh khlem da pynmyntoi ia u jingthung. Dei ban ber ruh ha ka por ba u jingthung u sdang ban san bha, namar ba u jingthung u lah ban ioh hapoh ar ne lai sngi ia ka naitrojen kaba don ha kane ka mluh.
Ki Sboh Shaba
Kawei pat ka jaid sboh na kaba ngi lah ban ioh ia katei ka naitrojen ka long kaba ngi ia khot haneng ka sboh shaba (Oilseed cake). Don bun jaid ki symbai jingthung ha kane ka ri India jong ngi kiba ki pyndonkam na ka bynta ka umphniang kaba don ha ki, kum u symbai soh ryndia na uba ki ioh ia ka umphniang julap (castor oil), kaba ki pyndonkam ban pynkhuid kpoh bad bun kiwei-kiwei ki jingdonkam kum ha kaba ai umphniang ia ki eroplen (aeroplane) bad kiwei-kiwei ki kynja kor. Ynda ki la sei ia ka umphniang kumta na une u symbai, ia uta u shaba uba sah hadien lah ban pyndonkam kum ka sboh. Ha Bihar bad kiwei-kiwei ki jylla ha kane ka ri India ki pyndonkam shibun ia une u shaba ha u sh’ing sohryndia ban aisboh ia ka khyndew. Une u shaba ha ka 100 mon u lah ban don kumba sawmon shiteng ne san mon ka naitrojen. Ia kine ki jaid sboh lah ban ber ha lyngkha shuwa ban thung ia u jingthung, namar ka naitrojen kaba don ha ki ka mih suki-suki, ym kum ka naitrojen ha ka ammoniom naitret lane sodium naitret. Kan khambha ruh lada yn pdem ha um kumba shisngi shuwa ban ber ia ka ha lyngkha. Na ka bynta ki kynja jhur kum ki kubi lane u phan lah ban ber kumba 20 mon ha ka shi ekar.
Ha ri Bengal bad ha ri Assam, bad kumta ha ri Khasi-Jaintia u symbai jingthung uba ki shait pyndonkam eh na ka bynta ban shna umphniang u dei u symnbai tyrso. Namar kane ka daw, u shaba na une u symbai u kham kynrei ban ia u shaba na kiwei pat ki jait symbai. Une u shaba na u symbai tyrso ruh u don shibun ka niatrojen. Ha ka shispah mon u shaba don kumba san mon shiteng ka naitrojen. Ha ka phatok ha Shillong ki ju tyllait umphniang man la ka sngi, bad kumta don bun u shaba sboh uba lah ban ioh na kato ka jaka lada ki nongrep ki sngewthuh ia ka jingmyntoi jong u na ka bynta ban ai sboh ia ka khyndew.
Kawei pat ka sboh shaba kaba ngi ngeit yn lah ban ioh lashai-lashisngi ha ka ri Khasi-Jainita jong ngi ka long ka sboh shaba jong u shana-badam (groundnut or peanut). Ha Madras bad ha kiwei kiwei ki jylla ha ri India ki pynmih umphniang shibun eh na u shana-badam. Ha ka jingshisha bun na ka umphniang shet-jingshet mynta ha ri India ka dei ka umphniang u shana-badam, lane ka umphniang snepkor, lane ka umphniang u neilieh-nei-iong (sesamum), lane ka umphniang kynphad lane ka umphniang jong kiwei pat ki symbai jingthung. Ha ka sboh shaba kaba ki ioh na kaba tylliat ia u shana-badam khlem da khoh ia ka snep (undecorti-cated), ka naitrojen ka kham duna; hynrei ha ka sboh shaba kaba ki ioh na u shana-badam ynda la khoh ia ka snep, ka naitrojen ka kham bun. Ha ka shispah mon u shaba na u bym pat khoh snep don kumba saw mon shiteng ka naitrojen, hynrei ha ka shispah mon u shaba na uba lah khoh snep don kumba hynniew mon shiteng ka naitrojen.
Shuwa ba ngan iehnoh ia kane ka bynta ngan ai jingmut, ia kito kiba nang ban khein, ia ka jingdonkam naitrojen ki jingthung kiba ngi ju thung ha ri Khasi Jaintia, kumne harum.
U Jingthung Ka naitrojen shi ekar
U Phan 40 – 60 ser
U riewhadem 40 – 50 ser
U Pai 50 – 100 ser
U Kubi 40 – 60 ser
Kine ki jingkhein haneng kin ai jingmut ia u nongrep ia ka jingdonkam naitrojen kitei ki jingthung bad ia ki jingthung kiba iasriem bad ki. Kitei ki jingkhein kim long kiba dei biang ia ki jaka baroh. Don ki khyndew kiba la don lypa shibun ka naitrojen, bad don ruh kiba duna shibun. Kumta u nongrep uba stad u lah ban khein antad katno ka sboh dei ban ai ia ki jingthung katba kum ka jinglong jong ka khyndew bad katba kum ka dor jong ka sboh na ka dor jong ki jingthung kaba u lah ban ioh. [yn dang bteng]
Phi don ban ong eiei?