U Spiton Kharakor
U Syiem Wickliffe u la khlad noh ha 21 tarik u October 1988. La dap laiphew snem pura mynta. La kha ia u ha ka iieng ki Syiem Nongstoin ha Nongstoin ha ka 15 tarik u August 1909. Ka kmie jong u dei ka Phuhsngi bad u kpa dei u Dor Sing Nongrem. U la long u khun uba saw hapdeng shipara. Ki hymmen jong u ki long Ka Blissimaiphuh, ka Pretimai phuh,bad u Kromwellphuh. Ki para jong u ki long u Hookerphuh, u Kranwellphuh, u Rockerphuh bad u Nianderphuh.
U la pule nyngkong ha ka Lower Primary School ha la shnong. U sa kynriah skul noh sha Mawkhar Christian Middle English M. E. School.U la pyndep ia ka M.E. School ha ka snem 1921. Hadien kata, ula leit pule sa ha ka Shillong Govt. High School bad u la long u khynnah skul jong u Babu SosoTham. La ong ba u ju ieid bha ia u.
Hadien kata u la leit pule ha ka Calcutta Engineering College ha ka Overser’s Course bad u la jop ha ka First Division, ha ka snem 1934. Shwa ban hiar sha Calcutta, u para jong u, u Hookerphuh u la don lypa ha ka Scottish Church College.Kiwei ki samla Khasi kiba don ha Calcutta ha ka por jong u ki long u Bah Bredin Hearge Jyrwa, Holing Diengdoh, Langstang Rynjah, Wellson Khongmen, George Lyngdoh bad u Hughlet Pariat.
Na Calcutta u Syiem Wickliffe, u la leit pule Engineer ha ka Kala Bhavan College of Engineering, Baroda, kaba hap ha ka Bombay University. U la long uba minot bha ha ka pule kot. U la long ruh u khlur ha ka jingialeh kai Football bad Hockey. U la long u Captain jong ka Baroda College pyrshah ia ka Gackward Baroda State Railway ha ka jingialeh kai ha ka snem 1935.
U Syiem Wickliffe u la jop bad ioh ia ka Bachelor Degree ha ka Civil Engineering ha ka snem 1937. Kumta u la long u Khasi ba nyngkong ban ioh ia ka Enginering Degree. ne B. E. napdeng ki Khasi. U la don ka jingthmu ban leit sha England hynrei u kni u ba phah bad buh skul ia u, u Sib Sing Syiem Nongstoin, u la phah wan noh sha la shnong ba pang jur iwei i hymmen kynthei jong u.
Hadien kata u la shimti ia ki kam hima bad la thung ia u kum u Attorney General ka Hima Nongstoin naduh ka snem 1940 haduh 1948. Ha kito ki por ka thma bah pyrthei kaba ar ka la khie na Europe ha ka snem 1939 haduh 1945. Kumta U Syiem Wickliffe u la rung sha ka kam shipai lyngba ka Assam Civil Transports Corps (7th Porter ha ka snem 1942. Na ka thma u la wan on tep ia la i kmie ha ka 23 tarik u December 1942. U sa leit phai biang sha ka thma tang arsngi hadien.
Hapoh katei ka 7th Porter Corps, ki don haduh 1000 (shihajar) ngut ki samla Khasi na Nongstoin, Lyngngam, Mawsynram, Sohra, Maram, Nongspung, bad Khadsawphra. Don sa shi Company ki Mikir ryngkat ki Garo kiba hap ha ka jingkhmih u Syiem Wickliffe. U la leit sha Lushai Hills (Mizoram) ha ki shnong Aijal, Chibungthang bad Kolasib. Ha u April 1944, u la ialam ia la ka kynhun sha ka shnong Tidim. Ynda ula poi ha u 96 Mile jong ka surok Imphal -Tidim u la wan phai noh sha Dimapur. Ka America ka la pynhap Atom bomb ia ka shnong Hiroshima ha Japan ha ka 6 tarik u August 1945, bad u Syiem Wickliffe u don ha kata ka por ha Dimapur.
Kiwei ki para Khasi ba leit ialeh thma wat la kim ia kynduh iwei ia iwei, hynrei ki la pyni ka jingshlur ha ka thma bah ba ar 1939-45. Uwei na kita u dei u Sepoy Wellington Massar une u la khlad shah siat iap ha ka 15 tark u May 1944. U la pyni ia la ka jingshlur ha ka Battle of The Tennis Court, Kohima, La ai khusnam ia u hadien da ka Indian Distinguished Service Medal.
U Shipai Ernest Wood Swer na Sawmer Upper Shillong u la shim bynta ha ka thma na sha ka thain Middle East. Hadien ka thma,la pynkiew kam ia u ba la tip ia u kum u Brigadier Ernest Wood Swer. Ka Rank Brigadier ka mut u hap ialam thma ia kawei ka Brigade ha madan thma. U long tang marwei napdeng ki Khasi uba la ioh bat ia ka Rank Brigadier, ha ka Indian Army haduh mynta. Kane ka long ka kyrdan kaba saw ha ka Indian Army.
Uwei pat u Khasi uba don ha ka Indian Navy ha ka thma bah pyrthei ba ar u dei u Captain Hughbert Roy Shullai na Mission Compound, Shillong, Kane ka dei ka Rank kaba san ha ka Navy, ba u la command ia la ka Militery Naval ship. Haduh mynta ym pat don uwei ruh u Khasi ban ioh ia ka nam Captain ha ka Indian Navy.
Ioh ngi klet, la don sa ar ngut ki shipai Khasi ba la leit ialeh thma ha ka thma bah pyrthei ba ar. Uwei na kita u dei u shipai Hipshon Roy Kharshiing uba la leit ialeh thma ha Palestine, Greece bad Italy na ka Indian Army. U la don ha Rome ha u bnai May 1945 ha ka por ba ki Nazi Germany u Adolf Hitler kila pyndep wait.
Uwei pat u shipai Khasi u dei u shipai Darwin D. Pugh na ka Indian Navy. Une u la ialeh thma pyrshah ia ki shipai Japan ha ka thain Madras ne Chennai mynta. La ong ba ki la ioh siat bad pynhap ia ki aeroplane Japan ha ka Bay of Bengal 1944.
Hadien jong ka thma u Rangbah Darwin D. Pugh u la don ha Gauhati snem 1947. Uwei u American uba kyrteng u Doctor Short u ba khmih ia kawei ka hostel ha Gauhati; u la ong ia u bah Darwin ba lada u nud ban jngi ia ka wah bah Bramaputra na shiliang sha shiliang kata na Pandu sha Amingaon un ai buskit 50 tyngka. U bah Darwin u la jngi hangta hangta hi bad u la khwoit tang shipor u la poi sha Amingaon. U Doctor Short uba bud ia u da ka lieng. Hangta u la ong biang ia u la u dang lah ban jngi biang sa shikylla. U Bah Darwin u la mynjur. La synran ia u da ki lieng bun tylli ioh ba u ngam jyllop ha ka wah. Hynrei u la jop biang bad poi biang sa shi kylla sha Pandu (Maligaon). Kumta u la ioh ia ka buskit 100 tyngka (shispah tyngka) namar ba u la jngi ar kylla(kat kum ka jing ia thuh I Bah S Khongsir, na Sanmer, Upper Sillong). Katba lah ban tip dei tang ma u napdeng ki Khasi uba la lah ban jngi ha ka wah bah Bramaputra haduh mynta.
U la ju long u khlur ialeh kai football ha Allahabad bad Bombay (Mumbai). Kumjuh ruh u ju paw bha ha ka ialehkai Badminton ha Assam bad New Delhi. Hadien kata u la leit hikai skul Basic School Malki, u la leit hikai skul sha Garo Hills bad khatduh u la leit hikai skul ha Cherra Presbyterian High School ha Nongsawlia, Sohra. U la long ruh u Editor jong ka kot khubor ka Pyrta u Riewlum shipor ha ka por ba ialeh Hill State.
U la bat ruh ia ka kam Joint Secretary jong ka APHLC Central body. Te, haba u la leit ialap election sha Garo Hills u lekshor sha ki paitbah da ka ktien Garo. Haba u leit sha Mikir Hills Assam ban ialap election Hill State u lekshor da ka ktien Karbi. U nang ban thoh bad kren haduh san tylli ki ktien, kum ka ktien Garo, Karbi, Khasi, English bad Hindi ruh da ka ktien Allahabad Hindi.
U la long u Chief Minister u ba ar jong ka Jylla Meghalaya, bad u Chief Minister Khasi banyngkong ha Meghalaya ha ka snem 1978.
Ka thma bah ba ar ka la wai ha Europe ha u bnai May 1945. Ha Asia pat u Japan u la pyndem thma ha u September 1945. Hynrei u Syiem Wickliffe u dang don sa kawei pat ka thma. Kumno un leh ban iada ia la ka ri bad ka jaitbynriew ynda ki Phareng kin sa phet noh. U Syiem Wickliffe ryngkat bad u kni jong u ki la aiti met bad mynsiem ban iada ia la ka ri bad ka jaitbynriew na ki nongshun.
Kumta u la thoh shithi sha uwei u paralok ha ka 20 tarik u July 1947 na Shillong da kaba ong kumne : Bah Wollington “Nga la ioh pat sa kawei ka shithi na Nongstoin kaba phi thoh kumba phi la pyntip ha kato kawei.”
Nga la mut ban phah ia katei kawei ka shithi ha I Syiem Atiar, i la leit kyrkieh, ngam lap shuh bad kumta nga pynbud sa kawei. Ba lada nga wan iaid na Nongsynrieh ruh ngam lah sah palat ia ka ar sngi, namar la donkam eh ba ngan poi sha Nongstoin namar ka lah ban don ka jingiamynsaw hapdeng ki Muslim Leaque bad ki Khun ki hajar jong nga, namar katba sngewthuh kin leh da ki policy ban pynbor ia ngi ki khasi tang ban rung sha Pakistan, namar kumba phi la tip ba ka Sylhet ka hap sha Pakistan .
To nang pynbeit lada phi lah bad lada phi donkam ia nga ngan don ha Nongstoin ha ka 1st Week August.
Lada nga lah ngan iaid na shnong jong phi sha Nongstoin
Tharai ngan mih nangne 24th ngam shym ioh leit Calcutta, namar ba don ka jingiapyniap kaba jur hangto bad kata nga bunkam hangne.Khublei Wickliffe.
Katkum ka census 1941, ka jingheh ka Khasi State 25 tylli ki hima ka long 3697 Sq miles. Ki nongshong shnong ha ka ki don tang 2,13,586 ngut ne ar lak tam. Ki hima ba kham bun paid ki don tang hynriew tylli. Kita ki long:
(i)Hima Mylliem 65,153 ngut (ii) Hima Khyrim 48,467 ngut
(iii)Hima Maharam 17,573 ngut (iv) Hima Nongkhlaw15,627 ngut (v)Hima Nongstoin 13,155 ngut (vi) Hima Sohra 11,302 ngut
Kum ban pynkynmaw ka ri India bad ki hima Khasi State ki la laitluid na ka jingsynshar ki phareng ha ka 15 tarik u August 1947. Ki Hima Khasi ki la ia khih ia ksaid hadien kata shaphang ka lawei jong ka ri bad ka jaitbynriew. Hynrei ki la hap rung sha ri India lyngba ka Instrument of Accession nyngkong eh ha ka 15 tarik u December 1947. Ka Hima Nongstoin ka la rung khatduh sha ka ri India na ka Hima Khasi lyngba ka Instrument of Accession biang ha ka 19 tarik u March 1948. Shuwa ia kata, ka Dorbar Hima Nongstoin ka la lum paitbah bad ka la rai shisur ha ka 13 tarik u January 1948 ban long Hima laitluid la ka jong shabar na ka ri India bad ka Pakistan. Ka Hima Nongstoin ka la klumar thlim bad ki Khar Hajong na Pakistan ki la wan tur sha Moheshkhola Hima Nongstoin. Kumta u Syiem Wickliffe u la leit bad la ki briew ban tur shata. Nangta kumjuh ruh u Sir Akbar, u Governor ka Assam Province u la pyndik ia u Syiem Sib Sing ka Hima Nongstoin da ki laiphew har rukom.
Haduh ka 31 tarik u December 1947 la don haduh 6 (hynriew) tylli ki Khasi States kynthup ia ka Hima Nongstoin, ki bym pat pyniasoh bad ka ri India. Te, u Sardar Vallabhai Patel uba long u Deputy Prime Minister ka ri India bad u long de u Minister in-charge ia ka Ministry of States, u la wan kyrkieh sha Shillong ha ka 2 tarik u January 1948. U la pynlong ia ka jingialang paidbah ha Lady Hydari Park, Shillong. U la kren paidbah bad u la ong, “Yours is a land for gods to live in, its air, its natural scenery, its pure atmosphere, its sweet water, would attract even gods if yout hearts were pure.”
Kaba mut ula iaroh ia kane ka ri Khasi ha ka liang ka pyrthei ka mariang kum ki lum ki wah, ka lyer kaba lah ban ktik, wat ia ki blei ban wan iuh kjat hangne.Tang ba phi dei ban long kiba khuid mynsiem ne em? Kane ka pynpaw lyngba ba lada phim leh kumba kwah ma u ban iasoh noh bad ka ri India, te u lah ban leh kumba u leh ia u Nizam ka Hyderabad. U la phah ia u Rangbah shipai ka India u General J.N. Choudhury ban pyndonkam da ka bor pyrshah ia u Nizam. U General Choudhury ula leit hiar thma haduh saw sngi lynter bad sngi bad miet ia ka Hyderabad State hadien jong u bnai August 1947. Hadien kane, u Nizam jong ka Hyderabad um banse ban pyniasoh bad ka ri India lyngba ka Instrument of Accession bad ka Instrument of Merger bad ka ri India.U Patel u ong pat ba katei ka jinghiar thma jong u ia ka Hyderabad ka dei tang ka Police Action.Nangta u ai bam tymmen ia u Nizam ka Hyderabad da ka Privy purse kaba da ki phew klur shisnem shi snem tad haduh ban da pynduh da [yn dang bteng]
ka Indira Gandhi hadien.
Ka Khasi States Constitution Making hadien kala pynlong dorbar ha Dinam Hall ha ka snem 1949. La pyniaid ia kata ka dorbar da u Dr.H.Lyngdoh kum u Chairman.Katei ka dorbar kala rai ha ka 21 tarik u July 1949 lyngba ka Amendment u Syiem Jirang u Paiem Sirendro Wahlang uba la ioh 46 votes, kaba kwah ia ka Khasi States ba kan rung ha ka First Schedule jong ka ri India ryngkat bad ka Annexed Agreement shabar na ka Assam Province.Kiwei kiwei pat kiba kwah ban iasoh hapoh Assam hapoh ka Sixth Schedule lyngba ka Resolution ki ioh tang 40 votes. Kumta kiba rem ha ka dorbar Khasi States Constitution Making Dorbar ki said heh pynban ha u bnai September 1949 ha Constituent Assembly bad ki ioh pynban ban pynlong ain ia ka motion kaba rem ha ka Dorbar K.S.C.M.D. Hynrei u Gopinath Bordoloi u Premier ne u Prime Minister ka Assam ha kato ka por ula leh khlieh shrieh pynban. U la pynkylla ia ka Khasi States tang kum ka Tribal Areas jong ka Assam bad u la shop ia ka Khasi States bad pynhiar sha ka kyrdan district.U la pynia ryngkat kyrdan ia ka Khasi States tang kum ka Garo Hills non-state, Naga Hills non-state bad Lushai Hills non-state. Lada ioh Khasi States, kum ka Manipur State, ne ka Tripura State shabar ka Assam naduh ka snem 1950. Te, ym donkam ban ialeh Hill State shuh ban ia milai khleh jaktung bad ka Garo Hill non-state naduh ka snem 1950.
Don sawngut ki Nongïalam ha ka ri kiba shet kylla ïa ka Khasi State ha kito ki por ba dang pynkhreh ban draft ïa ka Constitution jong ka Ri India ha ka Constituent Assembly ha New Delhi. Nyngkong eh u dei, u Sir Akbar Hydari, u Governor ka Assam u ba la pynbor ïa ki Khasi State ban ïasoh bad ka Ri India ha ka 15 tarik u December 1947 ha ka Government House ne Raj Bhawan ba mynta. Nangta u la phah ïa u Dominion Agent u Mr. G.P Jarmar bad u Rangbah R. Tokin Rymbai kum u Assistant Agent ban leit sha ka shnong Nongstoiñ ha ka 18 tarik bad 19 tarik u March. 1948. Kitei ki arngut ki ophisar ki lah ban pynkohnguh da ka ba pynbor ïa u Syiem Nongstoiñ u Sib Sing Syiem. Une u Paiem da ka jingbitar bad khuslai u hap ban pynïasoh ïa ka Hima jong u ka Nongstoiñ State sha ka Ri India ha ka miet 19 tarik u March 1948.
U Sir Akbar Hydari u la khlad noh bad ïap kynsan ha ka Wangjing Dak Bungalow ha ka shnong Waikhong, kaba don kumba 48 Kms ne 30 miles na ka Nongbah Imphal jong ka Princely State of Manipur. La ong ba u shu iap ieng bad kyllong ïap hajuh ha madan (floor) jong katei ka Dak Bungalow haneng ha ka 28 tarik u December 1948. Une u la long u nongshet kylla ba nyngkong ïa ka Khasi State.
U ba ar pat, u dei u Premier Gopinath Bordoloi jong ka Assam, u ba long ruh u dkhot ka Congress jong ka Constituent Assembly na Assam ha ka ri India. Une u la shet bad pynhiar kyndan ïa ka Khasi State sha ka District ha ka Constituent Assembly jong ka Ri India. Une u la khlad ha ka 5 tarik u August 1950. Uba lai pat u dei u Sardar Vallabhai Patel uba la thombor da ka bor lyngba u Governor ka Assam u Sir. Akbar Hydari ban niom beit ïa ki Khasi State ban pynïasoh bad ka ri India. Une u Vallabhai Patel u la khlad noh ka 15 tarik u December 1950.
U ba khatduh eh u dei, u ba la shet kylla ïa ka Khasi State u la lip ka maiñ long kynrem long lyndan naduh ka snem 1950 ter ter. Suki suki u la duh ïa ka jinglong bhabriew kum u nai khatsaw synñia, bad u la nang hiar arsut sha tbian. Khatduh u la poi sha ka ramia pyrthei aïu khlem da lah khie khlieh shuh junom.
Ha ka por ba draft ia ka Constitution ha ka Constituent Assembly of India 1947-49, U nongmihkhmat jong ki u dei u G.S. Guha ba mihkhmat ia ka Manipur State, Tripura State bad Khasi States. Une um shym kren wat tang shikyntien ruh shaphang ka lawei ki Khasi States ha ka Dorbar Constituent Assembly. Te u Syiem Olim Sing, Syiem Khyrim uba long de u President ka Khasi States Federation, Kong Mevis Dunn Lyngdoh Ex.MLA bad Minister ba rim ka Assam bad u Ma Omil Harris Rease ki la leit iakynduh sha ki dkhot ka Constituent Assembly ka India ha u bnai November 1949 ha New Delhi. Hynrei kim shym la ioh jingiarap ei ei ruh.
Naduh ka 26 tarik u January, 1950 la pynkylla district pynban ia ki Khasi State. La thep ia ki hapoh jylla Assam ha ka kyrteng United Khasi -Jaintia Hills. Katba ka Manipur bad Tripura ki ioh ia ka Part ‘C’ State shabar na ka jylla Assam naduh 1950. Ka Assam ka la knieh na ka (U) Khasi -Jaintia Hills District ia ka Block I bad Block II jong ka Jowai Sub-Division sa 596 Sq. Miles ha ka snem 1951 bad ai sngewbha sha Mikir Hills Assam. Ki lai ngut ki MLA Khasi-Jaintia ryngkat uwei de uba long Cabinet Minister jong ka Assam, ki la shu sngap la ka sngap ha ka Assam Assembly. Ngim tip la ki ia shah ne ia pyrshah ia ka jingleh donbor ka Sorkar Assam ruh ngim tip eiei.
U Syiem Wickliffe um don shuh ha ka shnong Nongstoin naduh ka snem 1948 bad leit sah shipor ha pyrshah ka Hat Bagli jong ka Hima Nongstoin hi hyndai. U Sir Cyril Radcliff ha u July 1947 u la pynhap noh ia katei ka jaka u Syiem Wickliffe sha Pakistan, ha ka por ba u pynbeit pud ia ka Sylhet District bad ka Khasi State ha kito ki por. Hadien pat u la kynriah noh sha shnong Rajai kaba dei jong ka Hima Langrin hyndai. Hynrei ka la hap noh sha Pakistan naduh 1947.
Ka Shnong Rajai ka don ha syndah “0-line” hapdeng ka India bad Pakistan (mynta Bangladesh). Ka jingjngai na Mawpyllun-Nolikata harum Ranikor ka long tang kumba iaid kjat na Saw-lad Madan Rting sha Motphran. Bun bah ki Khasi kiba leit jngoh ia u, kim ju shim pass port namar ka shnong Rajai ka don ha syndah u pud India- Pakistan.
U Syiem Wickliffe u la don khadar ngut ki khun na ki lai ngut ki menkmie bad bun ngut ki khun ksiew. Na i lok nyngkong, u la ioh arngut ki khun, kiba dei ki jait Mawlieh. Te hynrei ita i la iehnoh ia u, ba im treh ban leit bud leit sah bad u sha Pakistan. Ia i lok iba ar, ula ia kynduh ha Sylhet (East Pakistan) na ki jait Kharbithai. Hynrei ita ruh ila iehnoh ia u bad ila wan phai noh sha India, hadien ba la ioh ia iwei i khun kynthei. I lok iba lai bad ba khadduh, i dei i thei Lyngngam, na ka Jait Sohlamar, na East Pakistan bad ula ioh 9ngut ki khun bad I. U Syiem Wickliffe, ula sah bad i, haduh ki sngi khadduh.
Iwei na ki khun ksiew jong u na Bangladesh i sah mynta ha Laitumkhrah, Shillong mynta. I dang pan jingbit ban ioh long nong India noh. Ka kyrteng jong i ka long “Mercy lucky Sohlamar.” Nga la iakynduh ia i shisien ha KJP High School Girl’s Hostel ha Mission Compound, Shillong. Naduh kata ngam ju iakynduh shuh. Lada long kaba lah, nga kwah ban contact ia i lyngba ka phone jong nga No. 94361-05774.
U Syiem Wickliffe u la long u President jong ka Seng Bhalang Khasi Bangladesh haduh ban da khlad noh. Mynta u paid Khasi ba iar ha Bangladesh u don haduh 85,120 ngut ka jingbun briew. Ha Assam ki Khasi ki don 15,936 ngut bad ha Meghalaya ki don 14,11,775 katkum ka Census 2011.
Ka jingbun briew ha Meghalaya ha ka snem 2018 ki don haduh 3 million shiteng ne 35 lak. U paid Khasi Khara u don tang 14,11,775 ngut. Ki dkhar ki kling ba wan buhai shnong sha Meghalaya mynta ki la roi sha ka 11,51,729 ngut. Ki Garo ha Meghalaya ki don haduh 9,36,496 ngut. Kumta lada iatylli lang u dkhar bad Garo kin kot ka jingbun briew sha ka 20,88,225 ngut, katba u Khasi kumba la kdew haneng u don tang 14,11,775 ngut.Kumta wat mynta ruh ngi la long ki minority ne rit paid ha la ka jylla. Katkum ka Census 1981 ki dkhar ha Shillong ki la tam briew lypa ia ki Khasi ha Shillong. Ka shnong Shillong mynta ka long ka shnong dkhar ba heh tam ha Meghalaya. Kumta ngi ki Khasi ngi la long ki nongwei bad long mynder ha la ka ri. Ngi nangtang ka leh kmen leh sngewbha bad ka tamasa – ngim tip satia ia ka jingma ka jaitbynriew hadien habud.
Ka jingkha ia u Syiem Wickliffe ha Nongstoin ka la dap 109 snem mynta. Ka jingkhlad jong u ha Rajai, Bangladesh ha ka 21 tarik u October 1988 ka la dap laiphew snem pura. Ka la long ka sngi sah kynmaw ia u riewkhraw ba wat la u la iap noh, hynrei ka ai mynsiem ia ki longdien mandien ban im kum ba im ma u. Ka motto jong u ka long, “Iaid shakhmat, ialeh tyngeh, bad wat ju pyndem tdong.” Ngi angnud ia ka jaitbynriew Hynniewtrep ban sei bad pynmih biang ia ki Nongialam ha ka ri kiba kum u Statesman Wickliffe sa shisien pat.