KA KOT REP

B.M Pugh

[ba bteng] Ka jingpang pat kaba ngi ju shem eh ha u kophi ka long kaba ki ong ha ka ktien phareng ‘die back’ lane ka jingpang iap dadien. Kane ka jingpang imat ka long kaba bud ia ka jingpang jong ki sla kaba ki khot ha ka ktien phareng Hemileia vastatrix. Kane ka jingpang Hemileia ka paw nyngkong kum ki jingat phylloit-phylloit kiba stem sha ka liang kaba pyllup jong ka sla.

Kine ki jingat ki long kiba rit, hynrei ynda ki la bun bha ki tap lup ia ka dien jong ka sla baroh kawei haduh ba ka bri baroh kawei ka shu stem. Ka daw kaba ju pynioh ia kane ka jingpang ka long ka jingsoh than jong u dieng. Khnang ba u dieng kophi un ym ioh ia kane ka jingpang ki ju mait ia ka kliar jong ka met bah ba kumta ka lah ban pynmih kham bun ki tnat, ki ju thung ruh da ki dieng bah ba kin kah syrngiew malu mala ia ki dieng kophi. Kaba tap ia ka khyndew da ka kynja muleh ruh, ki shem ba ka kham pynduna ia kane ka jingpang. Ha Mysore ki shem ba kaba synreit da ka dawai ia ki dieng kum da ka B rdeaux mixture (kynnoh bordo miksshor) ka iarap ban pynduna ia kane ka jingpang. U kophi u sdang phuh syntiew ha u bnai March bad ia ki soh ki sdang kheit ha u bnai October haduh u January. Ynda la kheit ia ki soh kophi kaba nyngkong kaba dei ban leh ka long ban khoh ia ka snep jong u. Ia kane ha ki bri kiba rit ki ju leh da kaba dung ha u thlong, hynrei kane kam long kaba da bha eh namar shibun ki symbai ki pait ne lwit. Don ka kor kaba ki khot ka ‘pulping machine’ kaba lah ban leh kham bha ia kane. U misteri uba stad u lah ban shna ka kor khoh snep ne ka nar ruh. Ynda la khoh ia ka snep, ia ki shyieng ki buh ha ki pipa kumba 16 kynta khnang ba ka blein-blein kaba soh ia ki symbai kan ioh ban thap pyut (ferment), hadien kata pat ki sa sait ia ki da ka um. Tang shu lah sait pat ki sa pynrkhiang ha ka sngi. Khnang ba u shying un rkhiang bha ki ju kynjat ia ki shying kiba ki dang thad kumne ban kylla ia ki ha ka sngi kan ioh ban soh ha ki symbai baroh. Nangta pat ia ki snep jong ki shying ki sa khoh da ka kor. Ynda ki la lah khoh pat ki sa peh noh ia ka snep bad pynsah sa tang ia u symbai uba khuid bha. Nga ai hangne harum ia ki katto katne ki point ki ban iarap ban pyniapher ia u kophi arabica na u kophi robusta U kophi arabica U kophi robusta

1. u dieng u jrong haduh kumba 1. U dieng u jrong tang kumba
   20 phut 10 phut
2. U soh u saw iong ne stem 2. Ka rong u soh ka long saw
   syngiang bad ka thoh sawjngem haba u la ih bha
3. U dieng u kham ieng beit 3. U dieng u long sriem ia ka shatri,
   ki tnat ki dem sha khyndew
4. Ki sla kiba shalyntoin 4. Ki sla kiba heh bad kiba ran sti
   (elliptical or oval with pointed tip) LYNNONG 19 U KEW NEPAL (BUCKWHEAT) U Kew Nepal u long u jingthung uba dang wan shen sha ki ri lum Khasi-Jaintia jong ngi. U iapher shibun na utei u kew uba nga la thoh ha ka lynnong kaba khadlai. Utei u kew uba ha ka lynnong kaba khadlai u dei na ka ing kur jong u kba, u barli, ki krai bad kiwei-kiwei ki jaid phlang. Hynrei u kew Nepal um dei na ka ingkur ki phlang (Germineae family), hynrei u dei na ka ingkur u rubab (rhubarb), u jarain bad kiwei-kiwei ki jingthung kiba iapher bak lbak na ki phlang. La khot u ‘buckwheat’ ia u lehse namar ba ki German ki pyndonkam ia u kum u kew bad namar ba ka dur jong u shyieng ka long kum ki symbai jong u dieng beech, bad kumta ki khot ia u ‘buchweisen’ ha ka ktien German haba la kylla sha ka phareng buckwheat. Dei na kane ka daw lehse ba ki Khasi ruh ki khot ia une u jingthung u kew. Nga sngewdei ban khot ia u u kew Nepal namar ba la wallam nyngkong ia u sha ri khasi da ki shipai kiba wan na Nepal bad namar ba nga kwah ban pyniapher ia u na u kew uba shisha. Imat don ar jaid (species) ki kew Nepal ha ka pyrthei kiba ki kham thung bha: uwei na ki ki khot Fagopurum esculentum, bad uwei pat uba ki khot Fagopyrum tartaricum ha ki kyrteng saians. U esculentum imat u long uba ki rep ha Germany bad kiwei kiwei ki ri Europe; la leit rah nyngkong ia u sha kito ki ri na China ha kaba ki la rep ia une u jingthung la slem. Imat une u mih nyngkong ha China bad ha ki khap lum Himalaya. U tartaricum pat imat u mih nyngkong ha ki lum Himalaya. Une u kham jrong ban ia utei u esculentum, hynrei ki sla ki kham rit , ki syntiew ki kham rit. U Sir George Watt u ong ba u tartaricum u long u jingbam uba kham bha ban ia u esculentum namar u donkam bun ka umphniang bad kham khyndiat ki ksai kiba kham eh ban tylliat.
   U kew Nepal u long u jingbam uba bha shibun na ka bynta ka met u briew. Ynda la tylliat ia u symbai jong u, u ata uba ioh na u u long syriem ia u ata uba ioh na u kew, u kham lieh ruh palat ban ia u ata na u kew. Haba twad ia u ata jong u ruh lah ban sngewthuh na ka jingjlih jong u. Ia u stait (middlings) uba ioh na u ruh lah ban ai ia ki masi khem dud, namar u long u jingbam uba bha na ka bynta jong ki.
   U Kew Nepal u long u jingthung uba lah ban jrong kumba 3 phut, bad uba don shibun ki tnad. Ki syntiew ki don ka rong kaba lieh hynrei kaba la suit rong da kaba saw. Ka lyngkha u kew Nepal ka long kaba itynnad. U symboh u kew Nepal u long kum ka khoh kaba lai dong bad uba lieh-bthuh ne iong ka rong. Ki sla ki long ka dur dohnud bad ki jrong kumba ar haduh saw inshi bad kiba snoh ha u jyntang sla uba jrong ruh kumba shi inshi haduh saw inshi. Ki sla jong u tartaricum ki kham nep ban ia u nam pliang. [yn dang bteng]